Abstract

Objectives: The modern era of multiple sclerosis (MS) biomarkers has been ongoing for many years, with the periodical approval and renewing of MS criteria we are still facing many challenges. The new revision was recently approved, a few years after McDonald's Criteria, it was also followed by a promise to find new landmarks for the establishment of an MS diagnosis and its courses. An innate immunological clinical sign - which can better connect the suspected etiology and the disease is of major interest.

Data Sources: A literature search was performed using medical and health science search engines to find publications from January 1940 to December 2019.

Data Extraction: Data were extracted if any of the following keywords were mentioned in combination: sneezing, MS, stroke, biomarker, the nasal cavity. The search was expanded to the medical conditions included in this study.

Data Synthesis: Sneezing is a very clear sign and health reaction which has never been studied in MS and may potentially have a clinical impact. The sneeze function can, through other diseases and life events, teach us its importance and common understanding with MS. This review will focus on the sneeze in different medical conditions and use these comorbidities as a proxy to understand inflammation and their association with MS.

Conclusion: Sneezing is one of the common health reactions against pathogens, allergens, temperature changes, lightning, and cerebral injuries. This study has found a sign that sneezing has an untold role in MS and comorbidities such as a stroke. Measuring sneezes has the potential of becoming a clinical biomarker in MS.

Keywords: Sneezing; MS; Stroke; Biomarker; Nasal Cavity

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Citation

Citation: Homayoun Roshanisefat. “Does Sneezing Play a Role in Multiple Sclerosis?". Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 4.8 (2020): 112-123.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Homayoun Roshanisefat. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.