Aurora Martinez-Romero¹*, Roberto C Galván Lara^1,2, Jose L Ortega-Sanchez⁴, Maribel Cervantes-Flores³ and Jose J Alba-Romero¹

¹Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Gómez Palacio Unit, Juárez University of the State of Durango, Durango, Mexico
²General Hospital Zone 46 (HGZ46) of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Mexico
³Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Durango, Durango, Mexico
⁴Regional University Unit of Arid Zones, Chapingo Autonomous University, Bermejillo, Durango, Mexico

*Corresponding Author: Laxmikant Pandey, Department of Biotechnology, St Aloysius’ College, Jabalpur (M.P.), India.

Received: May 02, 2025; Published: May 19, 2025

Abstract

Blood groups are used to divide human blood into different types, according to the presence or absence of certain markers present on the surface of red blood cells, which we call antigens. There are many types of systems used in order to determine the different types of blood groups, but the most relevant at a clinical level is the ABO system, followed by the Rhesus (Rh) system, of which there are some techniques to make the determination, two of them are the tube technique and the gel microagglutination technique, which are the ones that will be evaluated throughout this project. The objective of this work is to make a comparison between the results of both techniques to find out whether or not there is a discrepancy between the results. The study was carried out on a total of 110 patients treated at the Hospital General de Zona (HGZ) #46 of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) in Gómez Palacio, Durango. The patients were taken from the admissions to the blood bank area in the laboratory, both techniques were performed on each patient to identify their blood group with 100% exactly the same results in both techniques, however, it has been observed that, unlike the technique in tube, the gel technique, was able to identify a small population of O positive erythrocytes in a patient with blood group A positive. In terms of frequency, the results are: The most frequent blood group was group O positive with 64 individuals representing 58.18% of the total subjects in the study, followed by group A positive with 27 individuals representing 24.54%. B positive with 12 individuals is equivalent to 10.90%, AB positive with 3 individuals is equivalent to 2.72%, O negative with 3 individuals is equivalent to 2.72%, finally the groups with zero frequency were the groups B negative and AB negative with 0 individuals and which represents 0%. With these results, evidence has been obtained that demonstrates better diagnostic performance in the gel microagglutination technique than in the tube agglutination technique, by also showing the presence of small populations of other blood groups, however, 100% of the blood group identification results was the same in both techniques.

Keywords: Blood group, ABO, Rh, frequency, gel microagglutination, tube agglutination

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Citation

Citation: Aurora Martinez-Romero., et al. “Correlation of Tube Agglutination with the Gel Microagglutination Technique for ABO and Rh Blood Group Determination".Acta Scientific Microbiology 8.6 (2025): 24-34.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 Aurora Martinez-Romero., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.