Acta Scientific Medical Sciences (ISSN: 2582-0931)

Research Article Volume 4 Issue 10

Spectrum and Antibiogram of Bacteria Isolated from Commercially Available Stockfish in Eke-Awka Market, Anambra Nigeria

Malachy C Ugwu*, Ebube Ofoegbu and Kene C Ezejiegu

Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: Malachy C Ugwu, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka Nigeria.

Received: June 15, 2020; Published: September 16, 2020

×

Abstract

Background: Food borne infections and diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly among poor/developing countries. Food products play significant role in the transfer of antibiotic resistance. There is increasing evidence of the use of antibiotics in fish rearing as growth promoters or curative agents and this could promote antibiotic selective pressure which results in emergence of resistant organisms in these sea foods. This study is aimed at isolating and determining the spectrum and antibiogram of bacteria isolated from commercially available stock fishes in eke Awka market.

Method: The isolated samples were obtained from randomly selected samples of stock fishes using pour plate method and confirmed with the help of microscopy and biochemical test. The antibiogram of the isolates were examined following Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute breakpoints.

Results: A total of 70 samples of stock fishes were collected from the market. Staphylococcus aureus was the most contaminant (45.7%) in the samples, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (41.1%), Bacillus subtilis (30%), Escherichia coli (15.7%), Salmonella typhi (5.7%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.3%). The isolates showed resistance to most of antibiotics used. Gentamicin and Ofloxacin had appreciable activity against all Gram positive isolated bacteria with Gentamicin and Nitrofurantoin having activity against some Gram negative bacteria.

Conclusion: The study confirmed the presence of antibiotics-resistant bacteria in stock fishes, making it a potential public health threat. This calls for improved hygienic practices among the fish vendors and there should be rational use of antibiotics in fish farming.

Keywords: Antibiogram; Bacteria Isolates; Stock Fishes; Resistance; Awka

×

References

  1. Adesoji AT., et al. “Bacteriological quality and antibiogram study of bacteria from “suya” and smoked fish (Clarias gariepinus) in Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria”. Pan African Medical Journal 33 (2019): 1-9.
  2. Mohanty BP., et al. “Fish in human health and nutrition”. Advances in Fish Research (2019): 189-218.
  3. Olayiwola O. “Microbiological Quality Assessment and Antibiogram of the Bacteria Isolated from Fish Feed, Oyo, South-West Nigeria”. Journal of Animal Science Advances3 (2015): 1218.
  4. Kousar R Shafi., et al. “Assessment and incidence of fish associated bacterial pathogens at hatcheries of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan”. Brazilian Journal of Biology (2019): 1-8.
  5. Olatoye IO and Basiru A. “Antibiotic Usage and Oxytetracycline Residue in African Catfish”. Food Chemistry3 (2013): 302-309.
  6. Guidi LR., et al. “A simple, fast and sensitive screening LC-ESI-MS/MS method for antibiotics in fish”. Talanta 163 (2017): 85-93.
  7. Raufu IA., et al. “Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Salmonella serovars from fish in Maiduguri, sub-Saharah, Nigeria”. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research1 (2014): 59-63.
  8. Akinwumi F and Adegbehingb K. “Microbiological Analysis of Three of Smoked Fish Obtained from the Ondo State, Nigeria”. Food and Public Health4 (2015): 122-126.
  9. Tascini C., et al. “Reading and understanding an antibiogram”. Italian Journal of Medicine4 (2016): 289-300.
  10. Imarhiagbe E., et al. “Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of microorganisms isolated from smoked and frozen fishes sold in Benin and Warri metropolis”. Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology1 (2016): 40-45.
  11. Samuel M and Toba AS. “Occurrence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Gastrointestinal Tract of Fresh Water Fishes in Abuja, Nigeria”. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 4 (2017): 2735-2743.
  12. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Fourth Informational Supplement. CLSI document M100-S24 (ISBN 1-56238-897-5 [Print]; ISBN 1-56238-898-3 [Electronic]). Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 950 West Valley Road, Suite 2500, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087 USA (2014).
  13. Akagha T., et al. “Prevalence and antibiogram of salmonella species and staphylococcus aureus in retail meats sold in awka metropolis, southeast Nigeria”. International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Research12 (2015): 924-929.
  14. Joanne M Willey., et al. Prescott's Microbiology Eighth Edition, 2011. Human Disases caused by bacteria, chapter 38, Food-borne and Water Disease (2011): 965-971.
  15. Verma S., et al. “Gentamicin as Oral Drug Delivery formulation”. International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research ScholarsI-2 (2014): 199-207.
  16. Ugwu MC., et al. “Antibiogram of Staphylococcus Aureus from Healthy School Pupils in Agulu, Southeastern Nigeria”. International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biosciences4 (2015): 5-9.
×

Citation

Citation: Malachy C Ugwu., et al. “Spectrum and Antibiogram of Bacteria Isolated from Commercially Available Stockfish in Eke-Awka Market, Anambra Nigeria".Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 3.10 (2020): 22-26.





Metrics

Acceptance rate30%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days
Impact Factor1.403

Indexed In





News and Events


  • Certification for Review
    Acta Scientific certifies the Editors/reviewers for their review done towards the assigned articles of the respective journals.
  • Submission Timeline for Upcoming Issue
    The last date for submission of articles for regular Issues is December 25, 2024.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be issued a "Publication Certificate" as a mark of appreciation for publishing their work.
  • Best Article of the Issue
    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"

Contact US