Abstract

   In mid 60’s and 70’s the discovery of Thermus aquaticus from Yellowstone National park in USA which could survive at extremely high temperatures of 80°C, opened gates towards exploration of extremophiles that emerged as a new field of microbiology. The microorganisms that can thrive at extreme environmental conditions where normal organisms fail to sustain are known as extremophiles. These microorganisms are found mainly in hot water springs, deep ocean vents, volcano pits, deep ice zones, deserts, saline lakes, mines, rocks beds and radiation zones etc. Since last two decades, the research data on extremophiles has increased exponentially as the enzymes extracted from the extremophilic microorganisms have shown potency in various industries like paper and pulp, leather, detergent, diary textiles, food and beverages, pharma, medicines and biotech industries. The current review encapsulates the knowledge about various extremophiles and their potential therapeutic and biotechnological applications.

Keywords: Extremophiles; Extremozymes; Adaptations and Industrial Applications

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Citation

Citation: Jagdish Parihar and Ashima Bagaria. "The Extremes of Life and Extremozymes: Diversity and Perspectives". Acta Scientific Microbiology 3.1 (2020): 107-119.

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Copyright: © 2020 Jagdish Parihar and Ashima Bagaria. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.