Acta Scientific Gastrointestinal Disorders (ASGIS)(ISSN: 2582-1091)

Review Article Volume 4 Issue 10

Acute Pancreatitis: Review Article

Jesús Velázquez Gutiérrez1* and Morella Vargas Useche2

1Digestive Tract Surgeon, Specialist in Clinical Nutrition, Spain
2Nutritionist Doctor, Magister in Clinical Nutrition, Spain

*Corresponding Author: Jesús Velázquez Gutiérrez, Digestive Tract Surgeon, Specialist in Clinical Nutrition, Spain.

Received: August 17, 2021; Published: September 20, 2021

Abstract

  Acute pancreatitis (AP) is defined as an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas which can compromise other organs and tissues. The diagnosis requires at least 2 of the following characteristics: moderate to severe abdominal pain, accompanied by nausea and vomiting; biochemical evidence of pancreatitis and/or imaging evidence through dynamic computed tomography (DCT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pancreas. It is the most common acute gastrointestinal disease that requires hospital admission, with a favorable evolution in most cases (80%). However, necrotizing pancreatitis can develop in up to 20% of patients and is associated with significant rates of early organ failure (38%). Metabolic disorders and fasting compromise the nutritional status which could aggravate the course of the disease, therefore the route of administration of nutritional therapy has been shown to have an impact on the evolution of patients. There is now a better definition of which AP patients need aggressive nutritional therapy.

Keywords: Acute Pancreatitis; Early Enteral Nutrition; Review Article

References

  1. Vin Dijk SM., et al. “Acute pancreatitis: recent advances through randomized trials”. Gut (2017): 1-9.
  2. Lankisch PG., et al. “Acute pancreatitis”. Lancet 9988 (2015): 85-96.
  3. Murphy A and Codner PA. “Acute pancreatitis. Exploring nutrition implications”. Nutrition in Clinical Practice (2020): 1-11.
  4. Sitzmann JV., et al. “Total Parenteral Nutrition and alternative energy substrates in treatment of severe acute pancreatitis”. Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics 168 (1989): 311-317.
  5. Kohn CL., et al. “Nutritional Support for the Patient with Pancreaticobiliary Disease”. Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America – Journals 5 (1993): 37-45.
  6. Banks PA., et al. “Classification of acute pancreatitis-2012: revision of Atlanta classification and definitions by international consensus”. Gut 62 (2013): 102-1
  7. Banks PA and Freeman ML. “Practice guidelines in acute pancreatitis”. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 101 (2006): 2379-2400.
  8. Leppaniemi A., et al. “2019 WSES guidelines for the management of severe acute pancreatitis”. World journal of Emergency Surgery 27 (2019): 3-20.
  9. Werge M., et al. “Infection increases mortality in necrotizing pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis”. Pancreatology 16 (2016): 698-707.
  10. Wu BU., et al. “The early prediction of mortality in acute pancreatitis: a large population-based study”. Gut 12 (2008): 1698-1703.
  11. Wu BU and Banks PA. “Clinical management of patients with acute pancreatitis”. Gastroenterology 6 (2013): 1272-1128.
  12. Forsmark CE and Baillie J. “AGA Institute technical review on acute pancreatitis”. Gastroenterology 5 (2007): 2022-2044.
  13. Tenner S., et al. “American College of Gastroenterology Guidelines: Management of acute pancreatitis”. The American Journal of Gastroenterology (2013).
  14. Crockett SD., et al. “American Gastroenterological Institute guideline on initial management of acute pancreatitis”. Gastroenterology (2018): 1-6.
  15. Tenner S. “Initial management of acute pancreatitis: critical decisions during the first 72 hours”. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 99 (2004): 2489-2494.
  16. Arvanitakis M., et al. “ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in acute and chronic pancreatitis”. Clinical Nutrition 39 (2020): 612-631.
  17. Hegazi RA and DeWitt T. “Enteral nutrition and immune modulation of acute pancreatitis”. World Journal of Gastroenterology43 (2014): 16101-16105.
  18. Petrov MS and Whelan K. “Comparison of complications attributable to enteral and parenteral nutrition in predicted severe acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis”. British Journal of Nutrition 9 (2010): 1287-1295.
  19. Petrov MS., et al. “A systematic review on the timing of artificial nutrition in acute pancreatitis”. British Journal of Nutrition 6 (2009): 787-793.
  20. Bakker OJ., et al. “Timing of enteral nutrition in acute pancreatitis: meta-analysis of individuals using a single-arm of randomised trials”. Pancreatology5 (2014): 340-346.
  21. Bakker OJ., et al. “Early versus on demand nasoenteric tube feeding in acute pancreatitis”. The New England Journal of Medicine 21 (2014): 1983-1993.
  22. Jiang K., et al. “Early nasogastric enteral nutrition for severe acute pancreatitis: a systematic review”. World Journal of Gastroenterology 13 (2007): 5253-5260.
  23. Eatock FC., et al. “A randomized study of early nasogastric versus nasojejunal feeding in severe acute pancreatitis”. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 100 (2005): 432-439.
  24. Kumar A., et al. “Early enteral nutrition in severe acute pancreatitis: a prospective randomized controlled trial comparing nasojejunal and nasogastric routes”. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 40 (2006): 431-434.
  25. Singh N., et al. “Evaluation of early enteral feeding through nasogastric and nasojejunal tube in severe acute pancreatitis: a noninferiority randomized controlled trial”. Pancreas 41 (2012): 153-159.
  26. Petrov MS., et al. “Nasogastric tube feeding in predicted severe acute pancreatitis. A systematic review of the literature to determine safety and tolerance”. JOP 9 (2008): 440-448.
  27. Nally DM., et al. “Nasogastric nutrition is efficacious in severe acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis”. British Journal of Nutrition 112 (2014): 1769-1778.
  28. Chang YS., et al. “Nasogastric or nasojejunal feeding in predicted severe acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis”. Crit Care 17 (2013): R118.
  29. Zhu Y., et al. “Nasogastric nutrition versus nasojejunal nutrition in patients with severe acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials”. Gastroenterology Research and Practice (2016): 306-332.
  30. Petrov M. “Gastric feeding and “gut rousing” in the acute pancreatitis”. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 3 (2014): 287-290.
  31. Sun JK., et al. “Effects of early enteral nutrition on immune function of severe acute pancreatitis patients”. World Journal of Gastroenterology 19 (2013): 917-922.
  32. Petrov MS., et al. “A systematic review on the timing of artificial nutrition in acute pancreatitis”. British Journal of Nutrition 101 (2009): 787-793.
  33. McClave SA., et al. “Guidelines for the provision and assessment of nutrition support therapy in the adult critically ill patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.)”. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 2 (2016): 159-211.
  34. Smit M., et al. “Abdominal compartment syndrome and intra-abdominal ischemia in patients with severe acute pancreatitis”. World Journal of Surgery 40 (2016): 1454-1461.
  35. Working Group IAP/APA Acute Pancreatitis Guidelines. IAP/APA evidencebased guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis”. Pancreatology4-2 (2013): 1-15.
  36. Van Grinsven J., et al. “Timing of catheter drainage in infected necrotizing pancreatitis, vol. 13: Nature Publishing Group”. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology 13 (2016): 306-312.
  37. Van Baal MC., et al. “Systematic review of percutaneous catheter drainage as primary treatment for necrotizing pancreatitis”. British Journal of Surgery 98 (2010): 18-27.
  38. Diaz JJ Jr., et al. “Eastern Association for the Surgery of trauma”. The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery 75 (2013): 376-386.
  39. Van Santvoort HC., et al. “A conservative and minimally invasive approach to necrotizing pancreatitis improves outcome”. Gastroenterology 141 (2011): 1254-1263.
  40. Mowery NT., et al. “Surgical management of pancreatic necrosis”. The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery 83 (2017): 316-327.
  41. Madenci AL., et al. “A contemporary series of patients undergoing open debridement for necrotizing pancreatitis”. The American Journal of Surgery 3 (2014): 324-331.
  42. Gomatos IP., et al. “Outcomes from minimal access retroperitoneal and open pancreatic necrosectomy in 394 patients with necrotizing pancreatitis”. Annals of Surgery 5 (2016): 992-1001.
  43. Van Brunschot S., et al. “Minimally invasive and endoscopic versus open necrosectomy for necrotising pancreatitis: a pooled analysis of individual data for 1980 patients”. Gut4 (2018) :697-706.
  44. Cirocchi R., et al. “Minimally invasive necrosectomy versus conventional surgery in the treatment of infected pancreatic necrosis: a systematic review and a meta-analysis o comparative studies”. Surgical Laparoscopy Endoscopy and Percutaneous Techniques 1 (2013): 8-20.
  45. Gurusamy KS., et al. “Interventions for necrotising pancreatitis”. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2016): CD011383.

Citation

Citation: Jesús Velázquez Gutiérrez and Morella Vargas Useche. “Acute Pancreatitis: Review Article”. Acta Scientific Gastrointestinal Disorders 4.10 (2021): 32-38.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 Jesús Velázquez Gutiérrez and Morella Vargas Useche. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




Metrics

Acceptance rate35%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days

Indexed In




News and Events


  • Certification for Review
    Acta Scientific certifies the Editors/reviewers for their review done towards the assigned articles of the respective journals.
  • Submission Timeline for Upcoming Issue
    The last date for submission of articles for regular Issues is December 25, 2024.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be issued a "Publication Certificate" as a mark of appreciation for publishing their work.
  • Best Article of the Issue
    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"

Contact US