Charity INIKORO¹*, Osagie M. ODIGIE², Kelvin O. GBAGBEKE³¹ and Patrick S. IGBIGBI¹

¹Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
²Department of Physiology, Edo State University, Uzairue, Edo State, Nigeria
³Department of Physiology, Achievers University, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeri

*Corresponding Author: Inikoro Charity, Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.

Received: October 04, 2023; Published:November 21, 2023

Abstract

Background: Lip prints are lines, fissures or grooves in the form of wrinkles, present in the zone of transition of human lip, between the inner labial mucosa and outer skin. Comparative study of the lip print patterns in an ethnic group may be a characteristic feature of that population and therefore may contribute to forensic investigation. This study was therefore aimed at determining the lip print patterns in Urhobo and Ukwuani ethnic groups of Delta State Nigeria. Approval for this study was obtained from the Research and Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka.

Material and Methods: The study was conducted with 800 volunteer individuals comprising 400 Urhobo (200 males and 200 females) and 400 Ukwuani (200 males and 200 females). The study was done using red colour lipstick gently applied on the vermillion border of the lip which is between the mucosa and the skin. The lips of an individual were divided into three segments on the upper lip (Upper right lateral, upper right medial, upper left lateral) and the lower lip, was divided into three segments (lower left lateral, lower right medial, and lower right lateral). The various segments were visualized with the aid of a magnifying lens. The data obtained was analyzed.

Results: Results from the study showed that majority of the males of Urhobo and Ukwuani ethnic groups had similar lip print patterns while, the females of Urhobo and Ukwuani ethnic were quite different. About 1(63%) was common among males of the Urhobo and Ukwuani ethnic groups while type 2(73%) was common among Urhobo females. Type 3(72%) was found to be common among Ukwuani females.

Conclusion: The study therefore concluded that majority of the males of Urhobo and Ukwuani ethnic groups have similar lip print patterns. Also, the females of Urhobo and Ukwuani ethnic groups are quite different from one another. This study is important as it has indicated that lip print type varies between females of Urhobo and Ukwuani ethnic groups. This research, therefore contributed to knowledge by opening a new vista (avenue) in the search for alternative identification strategies and also demonstrated that no two lip prints patterns are the same, giving the fact that it is unique to individual.

Keywords: Forensic Investigation; Sexual Dimorphism; Lip Print; Urhobo; Ukwuani

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Citation

Citation: Inikoro Charity.,et al. “Comparative Study of the Lip Print Patterns Between Urhobo and Ukwuani Ethnic Groups, Delta State, Nigeria: Anthropometric Study". Acta Scientific Clinical Case Reports 4.12 (2023): 38-43.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2023 Inikoro Charity., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.