Acta Scientific Clinical Case Reports

Short CommunicationVolume 4 Issue 1

Roll of N-nitrosamines and Opium in Oesophageal Cancer

Orlando Téllez Almenares*

General Surgery Department, Saturnino Lora Provincial Hospital, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba

*Corresponding Author: Orlando Téllez Almenares, General Surgery Department, Saturnino Lora Provincial Hospital, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.

Received: October 28, 2022; Published: December 05, 2022

There are substances recognised as carcinogens for SCC, the main ones being nitrosamines or N-nitrosamines, which are potent carcinogens present in nature and result from the reaction of nitrites with primary, secondary, or tertiary amines in an acidic environment. The role of these compounds in the origin of different types of cancers in humans and animals has been reported for decades [1]. Humans have been exposed to these carcinogens mainly through tobacco consumption, where more than 70% of nitrosamines have been identified. Compounds considered to be carcinogenically detected in tobacco are N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), nitrosamine ketone-nicotine (NNK), N-nitrosoanabasine (NAB), and N-nitrosoanatabine derivative (NAT) [2,3].

Bibliography

  1. “Information Note Nitrosamine impurities”. WHO. World Health Organization, 20 Nov. 2019. Web. 28 Sep. (2022).
  2. Gupta, Alpana K., et al. “Grass roots approach to control levels of carcinogenic nitrosamines, NNN and NNK in smokeless tobacco products”. Food and Chemical Toxicology: An International Journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 124 (2019): 359-366.
  3. Konstantinou Evangelia., et al. “Tobacco-specific nitrosamines: A literature review”. Food and Chemical Toxicology : An International Journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 118 (2018): 198-203.
  4. “The importance of nitrosamine analysis”. AGS ANALITICA. “N.p”. “n.d”. . Web. 28 Sep. (2022).
  5. Li Xiao., et al. “Intake of volatile nitrosamines by Chinese residents in different provinces via food and drinking water”. The Science of the Total Environment 754 (2021): 142121.
  6. Zhao Chao., et al. “Distribution of N-nitrosamines in drinking water and human urinary excretions in high incidence area of esophageal cancer in Huai'an, China”. Chemosphere 235 (2019): 288-296.
  7. Luo Qiong., et al. “Spatial, temporal variability and carcinogenic health risk assessment of nitrosamines in a drinking water system in China”. The Science of the Total Environment 736 (2020): 139695.
  8. Hidajat Mira., et al. “Job-exposure matrix for historical exposures to rubber dust, rubber fumes and n-Nitrosamines in the British rubber industry”. Occupational and Environmental Medicine4 (2019): 259-267.
  9. Hidajat Mira., et al. “Lifetime cumulative exposure to rubber dust, fumes and N-nitrosamines and non-cancer mortality: a 49-year follow-up of UK rubber factory workers”. Occupational and Environmental Medicine5 (2020): 316-323.
  10. Human Cancer: Know Causes and Prevention by Organ Site. IARC Monographs on The Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans. World Health Organization, 1 Jul. (2022).
  11. Bakhshaee Mehdi., et al. “Opium Addiction and Risk of Laryngeal and Esophageal Carcinoma”. Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology90 (2017): 19-22.
  12. Romera Garrido PL. “Epidemiology of oesophageal cancer in public hospitals in the Autonomous Community of Madrid: survival analysis”. Diss. U. Complutense de Madrid, (2011).

Citation: Orlando Téllez Almenares. “Roll of N-nitrosamines and Opium in Oesophageal Cancer". Acta Scientific Clinical Case Reports 4.1 (2023): 09-10.

Copyright: © 2022 Orlando Téllez Almenares. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.



News and Events


  • Certification for Review
    Acta Scientific certifies the Editors/reviewers for their review done towards the assigned articles of the respective journals.
  • Submission Timeline for Upcoming Issue
    The last date for submission of articles for regular Issues is July 10, 2024.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be issued a "Publication Certificate" as a mark of appreciation for publishing their work.
  • Best Article of the Issue
    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"
  • Welcoming Article Submission
    Acta Scientific delightfully welcomes active researchers for submission of articles towards the upcoming issue of respective journals.

Contact US