OO Galdima¹, GA Bala¹, IG Buba¹ and U Rilwan²*

¹Federal University, Gashuwa, Yobe State, Nigeria
²Nigerian Army University, Biu, Borno State, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: U Rilwan, Nigerian Army University, Biu, Borno State, Nigeria.

Received: May 09, 2022; Published: June 23, 2022

Abstract

In this study, 1D and 2D electrical resistivity and physio-chemical survey applied to the study of ground water contamination around an old cemetery in Gashua, Bade Local Government area Yobe, State, Nigeria was investigated. It was revealed that, all the seven (7) VES points have four layers. The types of curve in Bade 1-7 Community are majorly Q, KH, K, KHK and QHK respectively. These curves indicate a good type of curve for the viable existence of groundwater aquifer. The pseudo-sections along profile line N-S across VES 5&3 has a resistivity value range between 23-237 Ωm, profile line N-S across VES 6-2 have resistivity value range of 35-278 and pseudo-sections along profile line N-S across VES (7-1) have resistivity value of 19.3-268 Ωm. The regions in the pseudo-profile showing low resistivity value signifies the presence of a fluid which indicates presence of good water table. As it goes deeper, the resistivity (apparent) reduces and later rise again as it goes deeper, which may be due to reduction in the size of the grain, since a low resistivity layer exists, or a low resistivity surface water (water log) value exists in the upper layers of the area (in depth), then, grain sizes reduces which may lead to high resistivity value. The result also showed that the range of the Alpha activity was obtained to be 0.02078 for maximum value and 0.0016 for minimum value of Alpha activity concentration, and 0.22324 for maximum value and 0.00443 for minimum value of Beta activity concentration. The mean of the activity values was calculated to be 0.0112 for Alpha and 0.0452 for Beta activity. The overall result showed that both Alpha and Beta in the thirteen (13) samples are far below the recommended level by WHO. The results of AAS showed the presence of Magnesium (MG), Manganese (Mn), Copper (cu), Cadmium (cd), Chromium (Cr), Cobalt (Co)2 Nickel (Ni) Lead (pb), Zink (Zn), and selenium (Se) in the Gashua cemetery soil.

Keywords: Cemetery; Groundwater; Contamination; 2D Resistivity; Physiochemical; Bade

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Citation: U Rilwan., et al. “Electrical Resistivity and Physio-chemical Survey Applied to the Study of Ground Water Contamination Around an Old Cemetery in Gashua, Bade Local Government Area Yobe, State, Nigeria". Acta Scientific Clinical Case Reports 3.7 (2022): 69-80.

Copyright: © 2022 U Rilwan., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.