Acta Scientific Cancer Biology (ASCB) (ISSN: 2582-4473)

Research Article Volume 6 Issue 5

Seroprevalence and Association of Cytomegalovirus, Eptein-Barr Virus, Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 with Childhood Hematological Malignancies in Yaoundé, Cameroon: A Cross-sectional Study

Jacky Njiki Bikoï1*, Angèle Hermine Pondy Ongotsoyi2,3, Etienne Atenguena Okobalemba2,4, Bernadette Fouda Fouda1, Donatien Serge Mbaga1, Olivier Ndongo Bela1, Chris André Mbongue Mikangue1, Elsa Makue Nguiffo1, Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi1, Justin Olivier Essindi1, Arnaud Franck Elang1, Aicha Ngoutane1, Sabine Aimée Touangnou-Chamda1, André Urbain Njiki Bikoi6, Sara Honorine Riwom Essama1 and Joseph Marie Mendimi Nkodo2,5

1Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, The University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
2Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
3Mother and Child Center of the Chantal Biya Fondation of Yaoundé, Cameroon
4Medical Oncology Unit, The Yaoundé General Hospital, Cameroon
5Jamot’s Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
6Ntam Subdivisional Medical Centre, Kumba, Cameroon

*Corresponding Author: Jacky Njiki Bikoï, Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Received: July 14, 2022; Published: July 27, 2022

Abstract

Background: Hematological malignancies include all cancers that originate in blood cells, such as leukemia and lymphoma. Some viruses have an implication, it is the case of viruses of the family of herpesviridae, which are associated with certain cancers. The objective of our study was to determine the seroprevalence of four herpesviridae and their association with pediatric hematologic malignancies.

Methods: From August 2021 to January 2022, a cross-sectional study on leukemia and lymphoma children ≤15 years old was done at the Chantal Biya Foundation in Yaoundé. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a predefined form. HSV1, EBV, CMV IgG/IgM were assessed using rapid diagnosis tests (RDTs) analysis.

Results: During the study period, we recruited 52 participants aged 0 to 15 years, 36 cases of lymphoma were recorded against 16 cases of acute leukemia. The acute leukemias were lymphoblastic (62.50%) and myeloblastic (37.50%). A male predominance was observed with a sex ratio of 3.3. Hematological malignancies were more frequent in the 5 to 10-year age group and the majority of patients were children with Burkitt's lymphoma in advanced stages of the disease. Among the viruses assessed, CMV (96.15%) and HSV-1 (92.30%) antibodies rates were high compared to EBV (23.07%). A co-infection was observed CMV+HSV-1 (69.23%) and CMV+EBV+HSV-1 (19.23%) but not significant. Of the 52 cases we observed an association between Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease and these herpesviridae, and EBV-CMV-HSV1 tri-infection gives 6.7 times more chance of developing Hodgkin lymphoma and 6.1 times for Burkitt lymphoma.

Conclusion: An association was seen between some haematological malignancies and certain viruses of the herpesviridae family.

Keywords: EBV; CMV; HSV1; Lymphoma; Leukemia; Children

References

  1. Radji N. “Herpesviridae. Cours de microbiologie 4E année pharmacie, Année universitaire: 2019-2020”. Faculté de médecine de Sétif. (2020).
  2. Campus de Pédiatrie - Collége National des pediatre universitaire (CNPU). (2011). Le cancer de l’enfant. Université Medicale Virtuelle Francophone (UMVF). Mise a jour 01-12-2014 Cours (cerimes.fr) (2022).
  3. Sehrawat S., et al. “Herpesviruses : Harmonious Pathogens but Relevant Cofactors in Other Diseases?”. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology (2018).
  4. Handous I., et al. “Co-infections of human herpesviruses (CMV, HHV-6, HHV-7 and EBV) in nontransplant acute leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy”. Virology Journal 37 (2020).
  5. Pondy OAH, et al. “Evaluation de l’État Nutritionnel chez les Enfants Attaints de Cancers Hospitalisés au Centre Mère et Enfant de Yaoundé”. Health Science and Disease4 (2020).
  6. Ferlay J., et al. “GLOBOCAN 2012: estimated cancer incidence and prevalence worldwide in 2012 v1.0. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer”. (IARC CancerBase; no. 11) (2013).
  7. Ngolet LO., et al. “Hospital incidence of child malignant hemopathies in Brazzaville”. Health Sciences and Disease 18.1 (2018)
  8. Hämmerl L., et al. “The burden of Burkitt lymphoma in Africa”. Infectious Agents and Cancer17 (2019).
  9. Stefan DC and Lutchman R. “Burkitt lymphoma: epidemiological features and survival in a South African centre”. Infectious Agents and Cancer 9 (2014): 19.
  10. Gnassingbe K., et al. “Le cancer en milieu chirurgical pédiatrique au Togo [Cancer in pediatric units in Togo]”. Pan African Medical Journal 17 (2014): 209.
  11. Israels T., et al. “Strategies to improve care for children with cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa”. European Journal of Cancer 11 (2010): 1960-1966.
  12. Ribeiro RC., et al. “Baseline status of paediatric oncology care in ten low-income or mid-income countries receiving My Child Matters support: a descriptive study”. The Lancet Oncology 8 (2008) :721-729.
  13. Michlek J and Horvath R. “High incidence of Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus and human infections in children with cancer”. BMC Pediatrics 2 (2002): 1-9.
  14. Piukovics K., et al. “Cytomegalovirus infection in patients with haematological diseases and after autologous stem cell transplantation as consolidation: a single-centre study”. Annals of Hematology12017 (2016): 125-131.
  15. Francis SS., et al. “In utero cytomegalovirus infection and development of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia”. Blood129 (2017): 1680-1684.
  16. Gangemi AC., et al. “Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus Co-Infection in an HIV-Negative Patient: A Case Report”. The Cureus Journal of Medical Science 13.2 (2021) e13214.
  17. Delaney AS., et al. “Coprevalence of Epstein-Barr Virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Antibodies Among United States Children and Factors Associated With Their Acquisition”. Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society 4 (2015): 323-329.

Citation

Citation: Jacky Njiki Bikoï., et al. “Seroprevalence and Association of Cytomegalovirus, Eptein-Barr Virus, Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 with Childhood Hematological Malignancies in Yaoundé, Cameroon: A Cross-sectional Study" Acta Scientific Cancer Biology 6.5 (2022): 13-18.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Jacky Njiki Bikoï., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




Metrics

Acceptance rate35%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days
Impact Factor1.183

Indexed In




News and Events


  • Certification for Review
    Acta Scientific certifies the Editors/reviewers for their review done towards the assigned articles of the respective journals.
  • Submission Timeline for Upcoming Issue
    The last date for submission of articles for regular Issues is December 25, 2024.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be issued a "Publication Certificate" as a mark of appreciation for publishing their work.
  • Best Article of the Issue
    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"

Contact US