Jacky Njiki Bikoï¹*, Angèle Hermine Pondy Ongotsoyi^2,3, Etienne Atenguena Okobalemba^2,4, Bernadette Fouda Fouda¹, Donatien Serge Mbaga¹, Olivier Ndongo Bela¹, Chris André Mbongue Mikangue¹, Elsa Makue Nguiffo¹, Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi¹, Justin Olivier Essindi¹, Arnaud Franck Elang¹, Aicha Ngoutane¹, Sabine Aimée Touangnou-Chamda¹, André Urbain Njiki Bikoi⁶, Sara Honorine Riwom Essama¹ and Joseph Marie Mendimi Nkodo^2,5

¹Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, The University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
²Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
³Mother and Child Center of the Chantal Biya Fondation of Yaoundé, Cameroon
⁴Medical Oncology Unit, The Yaoundé General Hospital, Cameroon
⁵Jamot’s Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
⁶Ntam Subdivisional Medical Centre, Kumba, Cameroon

*Corresponding Author: Jacky Njiki Bikoï, Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Received: July 14, 2022; Published: July 27, 2022

Abstract

Background: Hematological malignancies include all cancers that originate in blood cells, such as leukemia and lymphoma. Some viruses have an implication, it is the case of viruses of the family of herpesviridae, which are associated with certain cancers. The objective of our study was to determine the seroprevalence of four herpesviridae and their association with pediatric hematologic malignancies.

Methods: From August 2021 to January 2022, a cross-sectional study on leukemia and lymphoma children ≤15 years old was done at the Chantal Biya Foundation in Yaoundé. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a predefined form. HSV1, EBV, CMV IgG/IgM were assessed using rapid diagnosis tests (RDTs) analysis.

Results: During the study period, we recruited 52 participants aged 0 to 15 years, 36 cases of lymphoma were recorded against 16 cases of acute leukemia. The acute leukemias were lymphoblastic (62.50%) and myeloblastic (37.50%). A male predominance was observed with a sex ratio of 3.3. Hematological malignancies were more frequent in the 5 to 10-year age group and the majority of patients were children with Burkitt's lymphoma in advanced stages of the disease. Among the viruses assessed, CMV (96.15%) and HSV-1 (92.30%) antibodies rates were high compared to EBV (23.07%). A co-infection was observed CMV+HSV-1 (69.23%) and CMV+EBV+HSV-1 (19.23%) but not significant. Of the 52 cases we observed an association between Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease and these herpesviridae, and EBV-CMV-HSV1 tri-infection gives 6.7 times more chance of developing Hodgkin lymphoma and 6.1 times for Burkitt lymphoma.

Conclusion: An association was seen between some haematological malignancies and certain viruses of the herpesviridae family.

Keywords: EBV; CMV; HSV1; Lymphoma; Leukemia; Children

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Citation

Citation: Jacky Njiki Bikoï., et al. “Seroprevalence and Association of Cytomegalovirus, Eptein-Barr Virus, Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 with Childhood Hematological Malignancies in Yaoundé, Cameroon: A Cross-sectional Study" Acta Scientific Cancer Biology 6.5 (2022): 13-18.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Jacky Njiki Bikoï., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.