Abstract

Background: The genus Neisseria contains commensal and pathogenicspecies that colonize human mucosal epithelia. The pathogenic species Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis can induce inflammation and breach mucosal barriers. they have evolved mechanisms to promote growth and persistence in the host. In addition to living freely in the extracellular space, N. gonorrhoeae can invade the cytoplasm of host phagocytes, thereby evading detection and elimination by the innate immune system.

Aims and Objectives: To evaluate molecules from microorganisms known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns through which several host pattern recognition receptors are mediated as an adjunct for early detection of Asymptomatic carriers from symptomatic carriers these molecules is the Toll-like receptors (TLRs). For example, TLR4mediates recognition of extracellular gonococcal lipoolextracecharide (LOS).

Materials and Method: Adult sexually active females those who haven’t been diagnosed of any sexually transmitted infection and then positive carriers those who have been diagnosed and confirmed with N. Gonorrhea infection using the normal healthy females as a baseline of comparison from both. Blood samples where collected, 10 positive Symptomatic carriers and 10 Asymptomatic carriers were inducted into this study all patient on any form of antibacterial treatment were excluded from the study. Veinus blood samples where collected and analysed with the flow cytometer to differentiate TLR4 Neutrophils and Monocytes with other proinflammatory mediators.

Result: Observable variations when comparing the normal healthy female and the asymptomatic carrier with a significant differences (p < 0.05) from the TLR4 (Neutrophils and Monocytes) although symptoms may not be present but the body still produces mediators as baseline of infectious antigen present.

Conclusion and Recommendation: It is possible to include TLR4 as mediator in detecting possible sexually transmitted gonococcal infection in females.

Keywords: Toll like Receptors; Mediators; Immunostimulation; Gonococcal; Asymptomatic

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Citation

Citation: Ibeh Nnanna Isaiah., et al. “Observable Variations in Serum Toll Like Receptors (TLR4) As an Adjunct for Detection of Asymptomatic Neisseria gonorrhoea Infection Amongst Sexually Active Women in Osun state, Nigeria".Acta Scientific Biotechnology 1.3 (2020): 03-05.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Ibeh Nnanna Isaiah., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.