Abstract

  Pharmacogenomics is relatively a young discipline of science which focuses on the impact of human genetic variations on drug response. The field of Pharmacogenomics is an amalgamation of the two science areas i.e. pharmacology and genomic with an aim at personalizing individual medicine. With clinical practice and drug development, individual drug response variation is faced as a major challenge in terms of drug safety and efficacy [1].

  The concept that genetic changes may lead to variable drug response was brought forth in late 20th century. However, recently Pharmacogenomics is pacing beyond the scope of solitary gene making up to multiple genes, possibly causing varying drug response [2].

References

1. Eichelbaum M., et al. “Pharmacogenomics and individualized drug therapy”. Annual Review of Medicine 57 (2006): 119-137.
2. Weinshilboum R and Wang L. “Pharmacogenomics: bench to bedside”. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 3.9 (2004): 739-748.
3. Evans WE and Relling MV. “Pharmacogenomics: translating functional genomics into rational therapeutics”. Science 286.5439 (1999): 487-491.
4. Relling MV and Evans WE. “Pharmacogenomics in the clinic”. Nature 526.7573 (2015): 343.
5. Carr D., et al. “Pharmacogenomics: current state-of-the-art”. Genes 5.2 (2014): 430-443.
6. Johal G and Amlani A. “Integrating Pharmacogenomics into Clinical Practice”. University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine 6.1 (2016): 21-23.
7. Ma Q and Lu AY. “Pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, and individualized medicine”. Pharmacological Reviews 63.2 (2011): 437-459.
8. Weinshilboum RM and Wang L. “Pharmacogenomics: precision medicine and drug response”. In: Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Elsevier (2017): 1711-1722.
9. Pirmohamed M. “Personalized pharmacogenomics: predicting efficacy and adverse drug reactions”. Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 15 (2014): 349-370.
10. Thorn CF., et al. “Essential Characteristics of Pharmacogenomics Study Publications”. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 105.1 (2019): 86-91.

Citation

Citation: Kanwal Ashiq. “Pharmacogenomics-A Step Towards the Individualized Medicine".Acta Scientific Biotechnology 1.3 (2020): 01-02.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Kanwal Ashiq. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.