Effect of Coils Geometry on Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicles
Sahar Bareli1, Lidor Geri1, Yasha Nikulshin1, Oren Nahum2,3, Yuval Hadas2, Yosef Yeshurun1, Eyal Yaniv4 and Shuki Wolfus1*
1Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Israel
2Department of Management, Bar-Ilan University, Israel
3Economics and Logistics Studies, Faculty of Economics, Ashkelon Academic College, Israel
4Graduate School of Business Administration, Bar-Ilan University, Israel
*Corresponding Author: Wolfus, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Israel.
Received:
February 15, 2023; Published: March 13, 2023
Abstract
Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (DWPT) uses transmitting coils embedded in the road for charging the on-board battery of an Electric Vehicle (EV) while driving. The present work describes a method of finding optimal geometric parameters for receiver coils that corresponds to improved energy transfer. Stationary and dynamic scenarios were simulated to investigate the effect of said coils’ dimension on the electromagnetic coupling coefficient, k, and the energy transfer efficiency, η. In the stationary scenario, k exhibits a nonmonotonic dependence on the receiver coil dimension, with its peak corresponding to the optimal coil dimension. The dynamic scenario shows oscillations of k and η along the travel path. Both scenarios are analyzed and explained by the spatial distribution of the magnetic field generated by the transmitter coils. A method for selecting the optimal configuration for the dynamic case is suggested. The method relies on the magnetic flux behavior of the transmitter coils, and can be applied to other receiver configurations as well. Finally, we show that the addition of a ferrite plate between the receiver array and the EV chassis is shown to screen the non-ionizing radiation emitted by the transmitter coils and reduce it to well below the allowed standards.
Keywords: Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer; Smart Transportation; Electric Vehicles
References
- Y Gao., et al. “Misalignment effect on efficiency of wireless power transfer for electric vehicles”. in 2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), (2016): 3526-3528.
- C C Mi., et al. “Modern advances in wireless power transfer systems for roadway powered electric vehicles”. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics10 (2016): 6533-6545.
- S Y Choi., et al. “Advances in wireless power transfer systems for roadway-powered electric vehicles”. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics1 (2014): 18-36.
- Z Zhang., et al. “Wireless power transfer—An overview”. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics2 (2018): 1044-1058.
- , et al. “Potential for CO2 Reduction by Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer for Passenger Vehicles in Japan”. Energies 13.13 (2020): 3342.
- S Lee., et al. “On-line electric vehicle using inductive power transfer system”. in 2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (2010): 1598-1601.
- Y D Ko and Y J Jang. “The optimal system design of the online electric vehicle utilizing wireless power transmission technology”. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems3 (2013): 1255-1265.
- N P Suh., et al. “Design of on-line electric vehicle (OLEV)”. in Global product development, Springer, (2011): 3-8.
- R Bosshard and J W Kolar. “Multi-objective optimization of 50 kW/85 kHz IPT system for public transport”. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics4 (2016): 1370-1382.
- W Shi., et al. “Design of a Highly Efficient 20 kW Inductive Power Transfer System with Improved Misalignment Performance”. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification (2021).
- J Huh., et al. “Narrow-width inductive power transfer system for online electrical vehicles”. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics12 (2011): 3666-3679.
- S Y Choi., et al. “Ultraslim S-type power supply rails for roadway-powered electric vehicles”. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics11 (2015): 6456-6468.
- J M Miller., et al. “Demonstrating dynamic wireless charging of an electric vehicle: The benefit of electrochemical capacitor smoothing”. IEEE Power Electronics Magazine1 (2014): 12-24.
- X Zhang., et al. “Coil design and efficiency analysis for dynamic wireless charging system for electric vehicles”. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics7 (2016): 1-4.
- GA Covic., et al. “A three-phase inductive power transfer system for roadway-powered vehicles”. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics6 (2007): 3370-3378.
- G A Covic and J T Boys. “Inductive power transfer”. Proceedings of the IEEE6 (2013): 1276-1289.
- M Budhia., et al. “Magnetic design of a three-phase inductive power transfer system for roadway powered electric vehicles”. in 2010 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (2010): 1-6.
- Y Liu., et al. “Efficiency optimization for wireless dynamic charging system with overlapped DD coil arrays”. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics4 (2017): 2832-2846.
- GA Covic and JT Boys. “Modern trends in inductive power transfer for transportation applications”. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics1 (2013): 28-41.
- C Multiphysics. “Introduction to comsol multiphysics®”. COMSOL Multiphysics, Burlington, MA, accessed Feb 9 (2018): 1998.
- C Zienkiewicz., et al. “The finite element method: its basis and fundamentals”. Elsevier, (2005).
- B Szabó and I Babuška. “Finite Element Analysis: Method, Verification and Validation”. (2021).
- J Lin., et al. “ICNIRP Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields (1 Hz to 100 kHz)”. Health Physics 99 (2010): 818-836.
Citation
Copyright