Samantha Cristine Balduino, Ester Raiane Fernandes Medeiros, Gabryelle Moreira de Oliveira, Kelly Cristhina Moessa, Siguinei Souza da Silva, Bruno Rodrigo de Medeiros, Isabela Gonçalves da Silva and Sérgio Eustáquio Lemos da Silva

University Center of Triângulo, UNITRI, Brazil

*Corresponding Author: Sérgio Eustáquio Lemos da Silva, University Center of Triângulo, UNITRI, Brazil.

Received: May 05, 2026; Published: June 05, 2026

Abstract

Bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) is a highly contagious infectious disease affecting the hooves of cattle and represents a major cause of lameness in both dairy and beef production systems worldwide. This study aims to analyze the complex microbiota involved in BDD, identify virulence factors, and describe the environmental and management-related risk factors that favor its dissemination. Furthermore, it evaluates the significant economic impacts and productivity losses associated with the disease. BDD is characterized by painful ulcerative lesions in the interdigital region, primarily associated with a synergistic consortium of anaerobic bacteria. Species of the genus Treponema are recognized as the primary etiological agents, though other pathogens such as Fusobacterium necrophorum, Dichelobacter nodosus, and Porphyromonas levii play critical roles in lesion development and persistence. Environmental stressors, including excessive moisture, poor hygiene, high stocking density, and inadequate biosecurity protocols, are major predisposing factors. The economic consequences are substantial, characterized by a marked reduction in milk yield, impaired reproductive performance, premature culling, and rising treatment costs. A comprehensive understanding of the etiological agents and associated risks is essential for implementing effective preventive measures, such as strategic hoof trimming and footbaths, ultimately ensuring animal welfare and herd profitability.

Keywords: Treponema; Lameness; Digital Dermatitis; Animal Welfare; Hoof Health; Dairy Cattle

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Citation

Citation: Sérgio Eustáquio Lemos da Silva., et al. “Pathogenesis and Economic Impacts of Bovine Digital Dermatitis in Dairy and Beef Cattle". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 8.1 (2026): 09-13.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2026 Sérgio Eustáquio Lemos da Silva., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.