Enam, James Samson¹, Atata Jamila Abdulhamid², Idris Sheriff Yusuf^1,3, Elijah Oluwatomisin Mary¹, Balogun, Emmanuel Oluwadare^4,5, Adamu Sani¹, Oladele Sunday Blessing¹ and Esievo King Akpofure Nelson¹*

¹Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
²Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
³Department of Pathobiology, Tuskegee University, Alabama, USA
⁴Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
⁵Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology (ACENTDFB), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: Esievo King Akpofure Nelson, Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology (ACENTDFB), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

Received: November 28, 2024; Published: January 30, 2025

Abstract

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) poses a significant economic threat to chicken production. Early and precise diagnosis of NDV infection is crucial for the prevention of outbreaks. Due to paucity of reports on sialyltransferases (STs) in NDV-infected chickens, this study explored ST expression levels as a diagnostic biomarker for NDV infection in chickens and its role in endogenous control or resistance to infection. The study focused on β-galactoside α-2,3-sialyltransferase (ST3GAL6) and β-galactoside α-2,6-sialyltransferase (ST6GAL1) in kidney and liver tissues. Fifty, four-week-old chickens, placed at random into infected and control groups of 25 each were used. Samples were collected daily pre- and post-infection (pi) and analysed for packed cell volume (PCV). ST gene expressions were analysed using the Step One Real-Time PCR system. The study reported a decrease in mean PCV from day 2 pi until day 5 pi, reaching its lowest of 16.00 ± 1.20%, followed by a gradual increase from day 6 pi onwards. The infected group exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) lower mean PCV values compared to the control group on days 5, 6, 7, and 8 pi. Significant outcome revealed mRNA levels of ST3GAL6 and ST6GAL1 from the livers and kidneys of infected chickens were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those of controls. ST3GAL6 was much more elevated in the kidney (44.79 ± 2.95 fold) while ST6GAL1 was higher at 31.72 ± 1.66 elevation in the liver of the infected chickens respectively on days 9 pi. These findings suggest that upregulation of ST3GAL6 and ST6GAL1 expression in NDV-infected chickens play a vital role in resialylating desialylated erythrocytes, aiding recovery and erythrocyte mass stabilization.

 Keywords: Newcastle Disease Virus; Sialyltransferase; Biomarker; Chicken; Resistance; Gene Expression; ST3GAL6; ST6GAL1

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Citation

Citation: Esievo King Akpofure Nelson., et al. “Cassava Pellets as a Partial Replacement for Maize in Lactating Goats’ Rations". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 7.2 (2025): 08-13.

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Copyright: © 2025 Esievo King Akpofure Nelson., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.