Kamil Akamad D¹*, Guntapalli Sravani¹ and Kurapati Nagendrasai²

¹Aquaculture Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, off Yari Road, Versova, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
²Aquatic Environment and Health Management Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central, India Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, off Yari Road, Versova, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

*Corresponding Author: Kamil Akamad D, Aquaculture Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, off Yari Road, Versova, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Received: November 15, 2024; Published: November 29, 2024

Abstract

Emerging pollutants in aquaculture, including pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, and microplastics, significantly threaten aquatic ecosystems and human health. The intensification of aquaculture practices has increased waste production, accumulating these contaminants in water bodies. Bioremediation, an economically viable and ecologically sound technology, offers a promising approach to degrading these pollutants and restoring environmental health. This paper outlines the application of bioremediation in aquaculture, highlighting its superiority over conventional methods. Bioremediation leverages the natural metabolic capabilities of microorganisms and can be implemented through in-situ and ex-situ techniques. Recent advancements in research have improved our understanding of biodegradation processes, making bioremediation a leading solution for contaminant recovery. Additionally, the integration of nanotechnology into bioremediation processes represents a cutting-edge approach to enhance pollutant degradation efficiency. As nanotechnology rapidly expands its applications in environmental science, its role in improving bioremediation strategies becomes increasingly relevant. This article comprehensively examines bioremediation, detailing its types, processes, and advancements in contemporary science, particularly within aquaculture. Furthermore, it discusses practical limitations associated with bioremediation methods, emphasizing the need for ongoing research and development. By addressing emerging pollutants through innovative bioremediation strategies, the aquaculture industry can adopt more sustainable practices, ultimately promoting environmental protection and food security in the face of growing global demand for food.

 Keywords: Bioremediation; Nanotechnology; Aquaculture; Eco-friendly; Inexpensive

References

1. Ackerley DF., et al. “Mechanism of chromate reduction by the Escherichia coli protein, NfsA, and the role of different chromate reductases in minimizing oxidative stress during chromate reduction”. Environmental Microbiology 6.8 (2004): 851-860.

2. Aken BV., et al. “Endophyte-assisted phytoremediation of explosives in poplar trees by Methylobacterium populi BJ001 T”. In Endophytes of forest trees. Springer, Dordrecht (2011): 217-234.

3. Akoijam C., et al. “Cyanobacterial diversity in hydrocarbon-polluted sediments and their possible role in bioremediation”. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 103 (2015): 97-104.

4. Al Hasin A., et al. “Remediation of chromium (VI) by a methane-oxidizing bacterium”. Environmental Science and Technology 44.1 (2010): 400-405.

5. Ali H., et al. “Phytoremediation of heavy metals-concepts and applications”. Chemosphere 91.7 (2013): 869-881.

6. Ali S., et al. “Application of floating aquatic plants in phytoremediation of heavy metals polluted water: a review”. Sustainability 12.5 (2020): 1927.

7. Alkorta I., et al. “Recent findings on the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with environmentally toxic heavy metals and metalloids such as zinc, cadmium, lead, and arsenic”. Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology 3 (2004): 71-90.

8. Barbosa MJ., et al. “Acetate as a carbon source for hydrogen production by photosynthetic bacteria”. Journal of Biotechnology 85.1 (2001): 25-33.

9. Baykara SZ., et al. “Hydrogen from hydrogen sulphide in Black Sea. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 32.9 (2007): 1246-1250.

10. Bonn EW and Follis BJ. “Effects of hydrogen sulfide on channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus”. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 96.1 (1967): 31-36.

11. Boopathy R. “Factors limiting bioremediation technologies”. Bioresource Technology 74.1 (2000): 63-67.

12. Bruschi M and Goulhen F. “New bioremediation technologies to remove heavy metals and radionuclides using Fe (III)-, sulfate-and sulfur-reducing bacteria”. In Environmental Bioremediation Technologies, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2007): 35-55.

13. Cerqueira VS., et al. “Biodegradation potential of oily sludge by pure and mixed bacterial cultures”. Bioresource Technology 102.23 (2011): 11003-11010.

14. Chanu Pl and Mandal SC. “Concepts of Bioremediation and its Application in Aquaculture” (2013).

15. Das N and Chandran P. “Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants: an overview”. Biotechnology Research International (2011).

16. de Oliveira VP., et al. “Bioremediation of nitrogenous compounds from oilfield wastewater by Ulva lactuca (Chlorophyta)”. Bioremediation Journal 20.1 (2016): 1-9.

17. Dhankher OP., et al. “Biotechnological approaches for phytoremediation”. In Plant Biotechnology and Agriculture, Academic Press (2012): 309-328.

18. Divya B., et al. “Plant–microbe interaction with enhanced bioremediation”. Research Journal of Biotechnology 6 (2011): 4.

19. Dixit R., et al. “Bioremediation of heavy metals from soil and aquatic environment: an overview of principles and criteria of fundamental processes”. Sustainability 7.2 (2015): 2189-2212.

20. Enamala MK., et al. “Nanobioremediation: A Novel and Sustainable Biological Advancement for Ecological Cleanup”. In Nanotechnology in Biology and Medicine, CRC Press (2019): 245-257.

21. Ferries C. “Marine and Ocean Pollution Statistics and Facts 2020”. Poole: Condor Ferries (2020).

22. Forsyth JV., et al. “Bioremediation: when is augmentation needed (No. CONF-950483-). Battelle Press, Columbus, OH (United States) (1995).

23. Goswami M., et al. “Bioaugmentation and biostimulation: a potential strategy for environmental remediation”. Journal of Microbiology and Experimentation 6.5 (2018): 223-231.

24. Hlihor RM., et al. “Bioremediation: an overview on current practices, advances, and new perspectives in environmental pollution treatment”. BioMed Research International (2017).

25. Höhener P and Ponsin V. “In situ vadose zone bioremediation”. Current Opinion in Biotechnology 27 (2014): 1-7.

26. Jacques RJS., et al. “Microbial consortium bioaugmentation of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soil”. Bioresource Technology (2008).

27. Kang SH., et al. “Bacteria metabolically engineered for enhanced phytochelatin production and cadmium accumulation”. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73.19 (2007): 6317-6320.

28. Kiyono M andPan-Hou H. “Genetic engineering of bacteria for environmental remediation of mercury”. Journal of Health Science 52.3 (2006): 199-204.

29. Kulshreshtha A., et al. “A review on bioremediation of heavy metals in contaminated water”. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology 8.7 (2014): 44-50.

30. Lovley DR. “Cleaning up with genomics: applying molecular biology to bioremediation”. Nature Reviews Microbiology 1.1 (2003): 35-44.

31. Martínez M., et al. “An engineered plant that accumulates higher levels of heavy metals than Thlaspi caerulescens, with yields of 100 times more biomass in mine soils”. Chemosphere 64.3 (2006): 478-485.

32. Mekuto L., et al. “Biodegradation of free cyanide using Bacillus sp. Consortium Dominated by Bacillus Safensis, Lichenformis and Tequilensis Strains: A Bioprocess Supported Solely with Whey”. Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation 18 (2013): 004.

33. Morales-Caselles C., et al. “An inshore–offshore sorting system revealed from global classification of ocean litter”. Nature Sustainability 4.6 (2021): 484-493.

34. Mrozik A and Piotrowska-Seget Z. “Bioaugmentation as a strategy for cleaning up of soils contaminated with aromatic compounds”. Microbiological Research 165.5 (2010): 363-375.

35. Ng SP., et al. “A Tn5051-like mer-containing transposon identified in a heavy metal tolerant strain Achromobacter sp. AO22”. BMC Research Notes 2.1 (2009): 1-7.

36. Nuwansi KKT., et al. “Performance evaluation and phytoremediation efficiency of selected aquatic macrophytes on aquaculture effluent”. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 6 (2018): 2885-2891.

37. Ojuederie OB and Babalola OO. “Microbial and plant-assisted bioremediation of heavy metal polluted environments: a review”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14.12 (2017): 1504.

38. Population Reference Bureau (PRB) (2020).

39. Rehman A., et al. “Heavy metal resistant Distigma proteus (Euglenophyta) isolated from industrial effluents and its possible role in bioremediation of contaminated wastewaters”. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 23.6 (2007): 753-758.

40. Rowan FE., et al. “Sulphate-reducing bacteria and hydrogen sulphide in the aetiology of ulcerative colitis”. Journal of British Surgery 96.2 (2009): 151-158.

41. Sayler GS and Ripp S. “Field applications of genetically engineered microorganisms for bioremediation processes”. Current Opinion in Biotechnology 11.3 (2000): 286-289.

42. Sharma I. “Bioremediation techniques for polluted environment: concept, advantages, limitations, and prospects”. In Trace metals in the Environment-New Approaches and Recent Advances. Intech Open (2020).

43. Shrivastava JN., et al. “Bioremediation of Yamuna water by mono and dual bacterial isolates”. Indian Journal of Scientific Research and Technology (2013).

44. Singh BK. “Emerging and genomic approaches in bioremediation. In Proceedings of the 4^th International Contaminated Site Remediation Conference, Adelaide, Australia (2011): 11-15.

45. Singh R. “Microorganism as a tool of bioremediation technology for cleaning environment: a review”. Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 4.1 (2014): 1.

46. Sriprang R., et al. “Enhanced accumulation of Cd2+ by a Mesorhizobium sp. transformed with a gene from Arabidopsis thaliana coding for phytochelatin synthase”. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69.3 (2003): 1791-1796.

47. Valls M., et al. “Engineering a mouse metallothionein on the cell surface of Ralstonia eutropha CH34 for immobilization of heavy metals in soil”. Nature Biotechnology 18.6 (2000): 661-665.

48. Wätzlich D., et al. “Chimeric nitrogenase-like enzymes of (bacterio) chlorophyll biosynthesis”. Journal of Biological Chemistry 284.23 (2009): 15530-15540.

49. Zhao XW., et al. “Simultaneous mercury bioaccumulation and cell propagation by genetically engineered Escherichia coli”. Process Biochemistry 40.5 (2005): 1611-1616.

Citation

Citation: Kamil Akamad D., et al. “Advancements in Bioremediation Techniques: A comprehensive Review with Implications for Aquaculture Sustainability". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 6.12 (2024): 40-51.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2024 Kamil Akamad D., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.