Okafor OL¹, Godwin CN², Nelson J², Nwogu CM¹ and Agaviezor BO²*

¹Department of Animal Science, University of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Umuagwo, Imo State, Nigeria
²Animal Science Department, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: Agaviezor BO, Animal Science Department, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Received: June 23, 2023; Published: July 13, 2023

Abstract

The study investigated the polymorphism of myxovirus resistance (Mx) gene in four Nigerian chicken genotypes. A total of 200 chickens comprising of 50 Normal feathered, 50 Frizzle feathered, 50 Naked neck, and 50 Noiler chickens. The chickens were kept for 16 weeks during which feed and water were given ad libitum. Other management practices were carried out. Blood samples were collected from the chickens via the wing vein using 2ml syringe into an EDTA bottle for DNA extraction. Polymerase Chain Reaction (RCR) was carried out using the DNA extracted and primers of Mx gene. PCR amplicons were sequences and sequences subjected to analysis. Results obtained showed the highest genetic distance is between the Frizzled feather and Naked neck (0.1537) and the least is between the Noiler and the Normal feather (0.0755). Nucleotide diversity with JC (PiJC) obtained for Normal feathered, Naked neck, Noiler and Frizzled feather genotype were 0.01005, 0.05868, 0.01973 and 0.17961. Gst value obtained (0.04437) indicated that 95.56% genetic variation within populations and only 4.44% between populations. The estimated Nm value (5.38) suggested genetic differentiation among populations of Nigerian chicken genotypes impeded by high gene flow. This could be further supported by the result obtained in the genetic distance which suggested relatedness among the chicken populations studied.

Keywords: Myxovirus Resistance Gene; Polymorphisms; Noiler; Naked Neck; Normal Feather; Frizzled Feather

References

1. Hagiwara K., et al. “Characterization of Myxovirus resistance protein in birds showing different susceptibilities to highly pathogenic influenza virus”. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 5 (2020): 619-625.
2. Tamura K., et al. “MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 6.0”. Molecular Biology and Evolution 12 (2013): 2725-2729.
3. Agaviezor BO., et al. “Association between pituitary specific transcription factor 1 gene (PIT 1) and some carcass traits in Sasso and Shika brown chickens”. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research 02 (2020): 1937-1943.
4. Yin CG., et al. “Expression analyses and antiviral properties of the Beijing-You and White Leghorn myxovirus resistance gene with different amino acids at position 631”. Poultry Science 89 (2010): 2259-2264.
5. Librado P and Rozas J. “DNASP V5 - A Software for Comprehensive Analysis of DNA Polymorphism Data”. Bioinfromatics 25 (2009): 1451-1452.
6. Nei M. “Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 70 (1973): 3321-3323.
7. Lynch M and Crease TJ. “The analysis of population survey data on DNA sequence variation”. Molecular Biology and Evolution 7 (1990): 377-394.
8. Nei M. “Evolution of human races at the gene level”. In Bonne-Tamir, B., Cohen, T. and Goodman, R.M. (eds.), Human genetics, part A: The unfolding genome. Alan R. Liss, New York, NY (1982): 167-181.
9. Hudson RR., et al. “Estimation of levels of gene flow from DNA sequence data”. Genetics 132 (1992): 583-589.
10. Nweke-Okorocha OG., et al. “Polymorphism in Pou Class 1 Homeobox 1 (poulf 1) Gene in Nigeria indigenous and improved chickens Raised on South-South Nigeria”. Journal of Research in Agriculture and Animal Science3 (2022): 5-11.
11. Ilori BM., et al. “Evaluation of Single nucleotide polymorphism and genetic diversity at the Myostatin gene Locus in Indigenous and Locally Adapted Exotic Turkey breeds in Nigeria”. Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology 1 (2022): 20-30.
12. Uberu NP., et al. “Molecular evolution of prolactin gene single nucleotide polymorphisms in Nigerian chicken ecotypes and their association with light ecotype chickens’ egg traits”. International Journal of Veterinary Science 1 (2021): 91-97.
13. Gao YS., et al. “The genetic diversity of chicken breeds from Jiangxi, assessed with BCDO2 and the complete mitochondrial DNA D-loop region”. PloS One3 (2017): e0173192.
14. Okafor OL., et al. “Influence of Chicken Growth Hormone (cGH) SNP Genotypes on Morphometric and Growth Traits of Three Chicken Breeds in Nigeria”. Indian Journal of Animal Research 12 (2019): 1559-1565.
15. Agaviezor BO., et al. “Bone morphological protein 3 (BMP3) gene variation in some livestock animals”. Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology 32 (2017): 28-32.
16. Wang J., et al. “Genetic differentiation and delimitation between ecologically diverged Populus euphratica and pruinosa”. PLoS One 6 (2011) e26530.
17. Yi C., et al. “High genetic diversity in the offshore island populations of the tephritid fruitfly Bactrocera dorsalis”. BMC Ecology1 (2016): 46.
18. Barrett RDH and Schluter D. “Adaptation from standing genetic variation”. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 1 (2008): 38-44.
19. Zhou A., et al. “Genetic diversity and differentiation of populations of Chlorops oryzae (Diptera, Chloropidae)”. BMC Ecology 20 (2020): 1-14.
20. Crawford KM and Whitney KD. “Population genetic diversity influences colonization success”. Molecular Ecology 19 (2010): 1253-1263.
21. Mallet J. “Gene Flow” Calton Laboratory, Department of Biology, University College London, 4 Stephenson Way, London NWI 2HE, UK (2001): 337-360.
22. Zhou YF., et al. “Gene flow and species delimitation: a case study of two pine species with overlapping distributions in southeast China”. Evolution 8 (2010): 2342-2352.
23. Petit RJ and Excoffier L. “Gene flow and species delimitation”. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 24 (2009): 386-393.
24. Amr TM Saeb and Satish KD. “Comparative Estimation of Genetic Diversity in Population Studies using Molecular Sampling and Traditional Sampling Methods”. Bioinformatics 6 (2014): 347-352.
25. Marzouk S. “Evolution of Rpp8 genes in Arabidopsis heynh” in Holl and heynh”. MOJ Ecology and Environmental Sciences10. (2018): 15406.

Citation

Citation: Agaviezor BO., et al. “Polymorphism of Myxovirus Resistance (Mx) Gene in Four Nigerian Chicken Genotypes".Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 5.8 (2023): 23-28.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2023 Agaviezor BO., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.