Saleh¹*, MY Fatihu¹, MM Suleiman², KAN Esievo¹ and JS Ibrahim¹

¹Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria
²Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, ABU, Zaria

*Corresponding Author: Saleh, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria.

Received: May 15, 2023; Published: June 07, 2023

Abstract

There has been growing global concern over Datura stramonium toxicity in livestocks, pets and humans following ingestion of the plant. Effects of ethanol leaf extract D. stramonium (ELEDS) in liver lipid profiles, oxidative, antioxidant biomarkers and liver tissue of rats were investigated and possible ameliorative effects of ethanol leaf extract Moringa oleifera (ELEMO). Fifty adults male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of 10 rats each. Group I were administered distilled water (2 mL/kg), group II; ELEMO (200 mg/kg), group III; ELEDS (170.4 mg/kg), group 1V; ELEDS+ELEMO and group V; ELEDS+ physostigmine (0.02 mg/kg). There was significant (P < 0.05) decrease in triglyceride and superoxide dismutase in ELEDS-treated groups compared to controls. Whereas, significant elevations were observed in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and malondialdehyde compared to controls. Microscopically, the liver of rats in ELEDS- treated group showed congestion and necrosis. Values in ELEDS+ELEMO-treated groups were comparable (P > 0.05) to controls. The ability of ELEMO (200 mg/kg) to ameliorate changes in lipid profile, peroxidation and antioxidant, caused by D. stramonium (170.4 mg/kg) is suggestive of a novel finding. This finding may be useful especially in areas where animals are prone to D. stramonium toxicity with poor accessibility to antidote.

Keywords: Datura; Lipid Profile; Peroxidation; Antioxidant; Moringa

References

1. Walelign B and Mekuriaw E. “Major Toxic Plants and Their Effect on Livestock: A Review”. Advances in Life Science and Technology1 (2016).
2. Ayub Shah MA and Vadlamudi VP. “Introduction to plant toxicology and toxic principle of plant”. In: Veterinary toxicology. 1^st edition (Satish K.G). Jain S.K New Delhi India 81 (2000).
3. Bofill FX., et al. “Dos casos de intoxicación por contaminación de maíz con Datura stramonium en ganado vacuno”. Review in Toxicology 24 (2007): 56-58.
4. Day EJ and Dilworth BC. “Toxicity of jimson weed seed and cocoa shell meal to broilers”. Poultry Science 63 (1983): 466-468.
5. Tostes RA. “Accidental Datura stramonium poisoning in a dog”. Veterinary and Human Toxicology1 (2002): 33-34.
6. Anadón A., et al. “Poisonous plants of Europe”. In: Gupta R.C., editor. Veterinary Toxicology: Basic and Clinical Principles. 2^nd Elsevier Inc.; San Diego, CA, USA: (2012): 1080-1094.
7. Ogunmoyole T., et al. “Multiple organ toxicity of Datura stramonium seed extracts”. Toxicology Reports 6 (2019): 983-998.
8. Jonasson M and Afshari R. “Chronicle of Datura Toxicity in 18^th and 19^th Century”. Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology 5 (2016): 101-106.
9. Taiwo MA., et al. “Natural Infection of Datura stramonium L. By an unusual strain of pepper veinal mottle virus Genus Potyvirus in Nigeria”. Plant Pathology Journal 5 (2006): 401-404.
10. Stegelmeier BL. “Poisonous plants that contaminate hay and forages in the western United States”. Rangelands 34 (2012): 2-11.
11. Mac Dougall ME. “Indiana Plants Poisonous to Livestock and Pets”. Cooperative Extension Service, Purdue University (1996).
12. Das S., et al. “Review article on phytoconstituents and therapeutic potentials of Datura stramonium linn”. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics3 (2012): 4-7.
13. Arefi M., et al. “Datura poisoning, clinical and laboratory findings. Report of five cases”. Romanian Society of Legal Medicine 24 (2016): 308-311.
14. Krenzelok EP. “Aspects of Datura poisoning and treatment”. Clinical Toxicology2 (2010): 104-110.
15. Colović MB., et al. “Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: pharmacology and toxicology”. Current Neuropharmacology. Bentham Science Publishers Ltd, 11.3 (2013): 315-335.
16. Sharayu R and Asmita M. “Screening of acetylcholinestereases inhibitors by Moringa oleifera”. International Journal of Life Sciences 4 (2016): 302-305.
17. Sreelatha S and Padma PR. “Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Moringa oleifera Leaves in Two Stages of Maturity”. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 64 (2009): 303-311.
18. Singh D., et al. “Evaluation of antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of Moringa oleifera leaves in carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rats”. Antioxidants (Basel) 3 (2014): 569-591.
19. Kou X., et al. “Nutraceutical or Pharmacological Potential of Moringa oleifera Lam”. Nutrients 10 (2018): 343.
20. Giacoppo S., et al. “The isothiocyanate isolated from Moringa oleifera shows potent anti-inflammatory activity in the treatment of murine subacute Parkinson’s disease”. Rejuvenation Research 20 (2017): 50-63.
21. Lucky LN., et al. “In vitro Anti-Cholinesterase and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Moringa oleifera Plants from Rivers State, Niger Delta, Nig”. Medicines (Basel), eria3 (2017): 71.
22. Panigrahia GK., et al. “Interaction of anthraquinones of Cassia occidentalis seeds with DNA and Glutathione”. Toxicology 5 (2018): 164-172.
23. Pilz J., et al. “Measurement of free and bound malondialdehyde in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography as the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine derivative”. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Application 742 (2000): 315-325.
24. Messerah M., et al. “Influence of thyroid dysfunction on liver lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in experimental rats”. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology 62 (2010): 301-310.
25. Abdel-Daim MM., et al. “Synergistic ameliorative effects of sesame oil and alpha-lipoic acid against subacute diazinon toxicity in rats: haematological, biochemical and antioxidant studies”. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology1 (2015): 1-27.
26. Calviello G., et al. “DNA damage and apoptosis induction by the pesticide Mancozeb in rat cells: involvement of the oxidative mechanism”. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 211 (2006): 87-96.
27. Saleh A., et al. “Clinicopathological Effects of Oral Administration of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Charcoal-Tree (Trema Orientalis Linn Blume) in Jamnapari Crossbred Goats”. Nigerian Veterinary Journal3 (2020): 223-233.
28. Atawodi SE. “Evaluation of the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of methanolic extract of “Ata-ofa” polyherbal tea (A-Polyherbal) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats”. Drug Invention Today 3 (2011): 270-276.
29. Fridovich I. “Superoxide dismutases. An adaptation to a paramagnetic gas”. Journal of Biological Chemistry 264 (1989): 7761-7764.
30. Abebi H. “Catalase in methods of enzymatic analysis”. Ed. By bergmeyer, HU Verlag Chemie, New York, (1974): 673-684.
31. Rajagopalan R., et al. “Comparative effects of curcumin and an analog of curcumin on alcohol and PUFA induced oxidative stress”. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 83 (2004): 2747-2752.
32. Baker J., et al. “Dehydration, impregnation, embedding technique and section preparation”. Introduction to Medical Laboratory Technology, 7^th edition: (2000): 99-242.
33. Kubiak BD., et al. “Peritoneal negative pressure therapy prevents multiple organ injury in a chronic porcine sepsis and ischemia/reperfusion model”. Shock 5 (2010): 525-534.
34. Rhiouani HR., et al. “Acute abd subchronic oral toxicity of an aqueous extract of leaves of Herniaria glabra in rodents”. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 118 (2008): 378-386.
35. Arsad SS., et al. “Evaluation of acute, subacute and subchronic oral toxicity of Rhaphidophora decursiva (Roxb.) Schott extract in male Sprague Dawley rats”. Journal of Medicinal Plant Research 41 (2013): 3030-3040.
36. Dugan GM., et al. “Toxicological evaluation of Jimson Weed (Datura stramonium) seed”. Food and Chemical Toxicology 27 (1989): 501-510.
37. Ugwu Okechukwu PC., et al. “Effect of ethanol leaf extract of Moringa oleifera on lipid profile of mice. Research”. Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences1 (2013): 1324-1332.
38. El-Banna SG., et al. “Effect of garlic consumption of blood lipid and antioxidant parameters in rat males exposed to chlorpyrifos”. Journal of Animal Sciences 42.3 (2009): 111-117.
39. Patil RH., et al. “Hypolipidemic effect of Celastrus paniculatus in experimentally induced hypercholesterolemic Wistar rats”. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry4 (2010): 405-410.
40. Emmanuel A. “Influence of M. oleifera Seed Meal on Haematological and Biochemical Parameters of Broiler Chickens”. American Journal of Life Sciences4 (2018): 136-139.
41. Pop RM., et al. “Phytochemicals in cardiovascular and respiratory diseases: Evidence in oxidative stress and inflammation”. Oxidative Med Cell Longevity (2018): 3.
42. El-Hak HNG., et al. “Toxic effect of Moringa peregrina seeds on histological and biochemical analyses of adult male Albino rats”. Toxicology Reports (2018).
43. Ongjanovic´ BI., et al. “Cadmium-induced lipid peroxidation and changes in antioxidant defense system in the rat testes: protective role of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E”. Reproductive Toxicology 29 (2010): 191-197.
44. Yousef MI., et al. “Deltamethrin-induced oxidative damage and biochemical alterations in rat and its attenuation by vitamin E”. Toxicology 227 (2006): 240-247.
45. Mansour SA., et al. “Effects of methomyl on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in rat erythrocytes: in vitro studies”. Toxicology and Industrial Health 25 (2000): 557-563.
46. Elkashef AM and Wyatt RJ. “Tardive dyskinesia: possible involvement of free radical and treatment with vitamin E”. Schizophrenia Bulletin 25 (1999): 731-740.
47. Oboh G., et al. “In vitro neuroprotective potentials of aqueous and methanol extracts from Heinsia crinite leaves”. Food Science and Human Wellness2 (2016): 95-102.
48. Oruc EO and Usta D. “Evaluation of oxidative stress responses and neurotoxicity potential of diazinonin different tissues of Cyprinus carpio”. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 23 (2007): 48-55.
49. Ncibi S., et al. “Opuntia ficus indica extract protects against chlorpyrifos-induced damage on mice liver”. Food and Chemical Toxicology 46 (2008): 797-802.
50. Uzunhisarcikli M and Kalender Y. “Protective effects of vitamins C and E against hepatotoxicity induced by methylparathion in rats”. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 74 (2011): 2112-2118.
51. Alebiowu G., et al. “Toxicity Studies on Datura metel with Reference to Official Stramonium”. J Herb Pharmacother Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by University of South Florida (2014).
52. Song SB., et al. “Effects of hexachlorobenzene on antioxidant status of liver and brain of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)”. Chemosphere 65 (2006): 699-706.
53. Atta AH., et al. “Phytochemical studies and anti-ulcerative colitis effect of Moringa oleifera seeds and Egyptian propolis methanol extracts in a rat model”. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine3 (2019): 98-108.
54. Nascimento JA., et al. “Assessment of the antioxidant effects of Moringa oleifera Lam. Extracts in fish oil during storage”. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 40 (2016): 29-36.

Citation

Citation: Saleh.,et al. “Clinicopathology, Liver Lipid Profiles, Oxidative and Antioxidant Biomarkers of Datura stramonium Leaf Extract Toxicity and Ameliorative Potentials of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract in Wistar Rats".Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 5.7 (2023): 27-37.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2023 Saleh., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.