Serum Biochemical Effects of Alstonia boonei Leaf Extract Administered against
Coccidiosis in Broilers
Odafe-Shalome GIO* and Osa UGS
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin,
Benin-city, Nigeria
*Corresponding Author: Odafe-Shalome GIO, Department of Animal Science,
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin, Benin-city, Nigeria.
Received:
March 14, 2023; Published: April 20, 2023
Abstract
A cheap cost-effective herbal alternative to coccidiostats was prepared by dissolving pre-weighed blended leaves of Alstonia boonei in ethanol-water (70:30) to extract the bioactive components. The efficacy/potency of the hydro-alcoholic extract against coccidiosis were then determined in 100 broiler chicks, in a completely randomized design (CRD)! The leaf extract was administered twice daily, to groups of birds at different concentrations (0ml/4L, 5mL/4L and 10mL/4L) and their biochemical effects were examined at 8th weeks old. The concentrations of serum enzymes - alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and bilirubin (CBIL) were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between test groups and the minor control (non-treated birds) indicating healthy liver and kidney functions. There were no significant treatment related effects (P > 0.05) on blood creatinine, urea, bicarbonate, K+ and Cl-, whereas Na+ concentration was affected significantly (p < 0.05). Except with the main control (embazin treated birds), the mean levels of alkaline phosphatase were non-significantly different (P > 0.05) between the herbal test groups. There were variations in serum albumin levels between the different experimental groups but each value fell within the normal range (3.0 - 5.5g/dL). The mean concentrations (mg/dL) of Total bilirubin ranged from 0.12 in embarzin treated birds, to 0.20 in non-treated birds. There were no symptoms of coccidiosis in the different groups of alstonia extract and embarzin treated birds indicating efficacy of the extract against the disease. The concentrations of blood electrolytes and serum enzymes were not adversely affected by the extract! And there were no mortalities during the trial period.
Keywords: Antioxidant; Phytoremediation; Sewage Sludge; Vetiver
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