Sachin Kumar1*, Arbind Singh2, Raquel Cossio- Bayugar3, Eslam Moradi-Asl4, Deepak Singh5 and Ashok Kumar Chaubey1*

¹Department of Zoology, Choudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
²LFC, Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Uttar Pradesh, India
³Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Disciplinarias en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
⁴Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
⁵Bhagirathi Devi Mahavidhyalaya, Amroha, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India

*Corresponding Author: Sachin Kumar and Ashok Kumar Chaubey, Department of Zoology, Choudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Received: January 20, 2023; Published: March 23, 2023

Abstract

The present study was conducted for epidemiological examination of seasonal tick infesting on livestock animals (cattle and buffalo). The investigation was carried out from March 2019 to February 2020 period at different districts of western regions of Uttar Pradesh. The western regions comprise of Amroha (AMR), Moradabad (MBD), Rampur (RMP), Bareilly (BLY), Bijnor (BJN), Chandousi (CHD), Hapur (HPU), Bhagpat (BGT), Baraut (BRT), Ghziabad (GZB), Muzaffarnagar (MZN) and Shaharnpur (SHN). The region is located between 26°251 N to 300 251 N and 770101 E to 800 251E. The selected districts were investigate carefully for the presence of ticks and in positive cases ticks were collected manually and identified on the basis of morphological characters. The total numbers of animals (5696) were examined on the basis of random collection in throughout the year. The total number of cattle (1792) was infested out of 3250 cattle and the total number of buffalo (805) was infested out of 2446 buffalo animals, respectively. The large number of animals was suffered to tick infestation in BLY, MZ, BJN, MBD and RMP. The highest tick infection was recorded in BJN (48.8 ± 10.7) and MZN (48.8 ± 14.0) and the minimum was in AMR district (39.0 ± 13.6). The periodic examination highest tick infestation was observed in rainy season (68.5%), followed by summer (48.3%) while lowest in the winter (22.9%). The large number of positive case was reported in cattle (1792) followed by buffalo (805). The high rate of tick infection was recorded in cattle (55.0%) while the lowest was in Buffalo (33.0%). During the study, rainy season were found highly significant (p<0.001) in cattle comparing with results in summer and winter seasons. The inverted distance weighted (IDW) uses the measured values surrounding the prediction location. The measured value closest to the prediction location have more influence on the predicted value than those farther away. On the basis of morphological studies, two species of ticks were identified namely Rhipicephalus microplus and Hyalomma anatolicum. The commonly suckle sites for adult ticks were neck, axilla, belly, groin, udder, perineal regions and tail. The present study revealed that widespread distribution of major tick infestation in cattle and bovine in targeted areas. It is concluded that ticks infestation are most prevalent in the cattle and buffalo.

Keywords: Rhipicephalus Microplus; Hyalomma anatolicum; Cattle; Buffalo; Infestation

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Citation

Citation: Sachin Kumar., et al. “Diversity and Seasonal Distribution of Hard Ticks in Livestock Animal Population from Western part of Uttar Pradesh in India". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 5.4 (2023): 73-84.

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Copyright: © 2023 Sachin Kumar., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.