Vaibhav Patil¹, Shweta Badar¹, Megha Kaore¹, Madhuri Hedau¹, Sandeep Chaudhari², Deepak Rawool³, Sukhadeo Barbuddhe³, Jess Vergis⁴ and Nitin Kurkure¹*

¹Department of Veterinary Pathology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
²Department of Veterinary Public Health, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
³ICAR- National Research Centre on Meat, Chengicherla, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
⁴College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Lakkidi Post, Wayanad, Kerala, India

*Corresponding Author: Nitin Kurkure, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Nagpur Veterinary College Nagpur, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Science University Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

Received: November 04, 2022; Published: November 15, 2022

Abstract

Salmonellosis is the major bacterial disease of poultry, causing heavy economic losses. Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium, (S. Typhimurium) is one of the most common serovars responsible for human and animal salmonellosis around the world. The present study aimed to investigate in vitro-antimicrobial activity of five different essential oils (EOs) procured in pure form, against S. Typhimurium (N = 66) and its correlation with MICs of twelve different antibiotics (Abs) which are most commonly used in poultry flocks in India. The broth microdilution method determined the minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of EOs and Abs. Results of MICs (mg/ml) of EOs in ascending order were cinnamaldehyde EO (2.10 ± 0.11), carvacrol EO (2.35 ± 0.13), thymol EO (3.54 ± 0.20), eugenol EO (3.61 ± 0.28) and citral EO (4.08 ± 0.31). The correlation coefficients between MICs of these five EOs and twelve Abs revealed a 60% (36/60) negative correlation. Cinnamaldehyde EO had the lowest MICs and was found to be the most effective against avian S. Typhimurium. The more negative correlations with the MICs of antibiotics were reported for EOs of carvacrol (10/12 Abs) and thymol (09/12 Abs), indicating greater susceptibility of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella toward carvacrol and thymol. Because of the negative correlation between MICs of EOs and Abs, it is concluded that the studied essential oils, particularly cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and thymol can be used as effective alternatives to conventional antibiotics for treating non-typhoid infections caused by S. Typhimurium in poultry.

Keywords: Antibiotics; Antimicrobial Activity; Essential Oils; Salmonella Typhimurium

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Citation

Citation: Nitin Kurkure., et al. “In Vitro-Antibacterial Activity of Five Essential Oils against Salmonella enterica Subspecies Enterica Serovar Typhimurium of Poultry Origin and their Correlation with Antibiotics".Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 4.12 (2022): 61-69.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Nitin Kurkure., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.