Abolarin Tope Emmanuel*

Department of Veterinary Medicine/Public Health, University of Ilorin, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author:Abolarin Tope Emmanuel, Department of Veterinary Medicine/Public Health, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.

Received: October 17, 2022; Published: November 16, 2022

Abstract

Rabies it is one of the most prevalent zoonoses that has been recorded over time. The terms used to describe rabies date back thousands of years, demonstrating how old the disease is. It is a contagious viral disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that causes convulsions, paralysis, excessive salivation, and an aversion to water in sufferers. In most cases, the condition results in the infected animal's death. Rabies is caused by a single stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the order Mononegavirales, family Rhabdoviridae and genus Lyssavirus. Rabies is not uncommon among viral diseases in that it can affect a variety of victims, including all warm-blooded animals. The only place where rabies is not common is on islands. Except for Australia and Antarctica, many of the nations have rabies as an endemic disease. Over 55,000 people per year die from rabies worldwide, with 99% of those deaths occurring in Africa and Asia. Because of their preference for neural tissue (a condition known as neurotrophism), lyssaviruses can spread to the central nervous system and produce serious symptoms. The virus may remain dormant or continue to proliferate in nearby nerve tissues after a bite wound (and possibly skeletal muscle). The virus is typically spread through bites, with a smaller amount of transmission occurring through contact with rabid animal saliva on cuts, wounds, and mucous membranes. Since its inception in 1958, the direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) test has been extensively utilized on both humans and animals to identify the antigens of the rabies virus in the brain tissue. Renewed surveillance based on laboratory and variant typing is necessary for the prevention and control of rabies. In order to manage potentially exposed animals and help in the detection of new pathogens, precise and timely information and reporting are required. Viral introduction by the admission of infected animals is always a possibility. To understand the role that these animals play in disease transmission, it is still unknown how common rabies is in wild animals. For the purpose of finding newly imported RABV variations, ongoing monitoring of less common non-reservoir species is crucial.

Keywords: Rabies; Zoonotic; Prevention and Control

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Citation

Citation: Abolarin Tope Emmanuel. “Rabies; General Overview, Zoonotic Importance, Prevention and Control". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 4.12 (2022): 52-60.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Abolarin Tope Emmanuel. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.