Upendra P Lambe, Basanti Brar and Prasad Minakshi*

Department of Animal Biotechnology, Lala Lajpatrai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India

*Corresponding Author: Prasad Minakshi, Department of Animal Biotechnology, Lala Lajpatrai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India.

Received: May 12, 2022; Published: June 15, 2022

Abstract

Bluetongue (BT) is an insect born, non-fatal disease of small ruminants, particularly sheep; characterized by inflammation of buccal mucosa and coronary bands, nasal discharge, facial edema and cyanosis of the tongue, hence the name Bluetongue. The etiological agent being BT virus belonging to the Reoviridae family is a ds-RNA virus with a segmented genome. Though the disease is non-fatal, causes significant losses to wool and meat industry due to decreased wool production and weight losses in animals. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) is regarded as one of the most stable nanoparticles and also because of their surface charge, they are able to be activated with majority of bio-molecules. Hence in this study we have developed a novel GNPs-based nucleic probe for detection of BT virus with sensitivity of 14.4pg/ul. The GNPs based robust technique can be implemented for diagnosis of other Arboviruses as a potential point of care assay. There is no earlier report on designing of nucleic acid nanoparticles-based assay for detection of Bluetongue virus in India and abroad to the best of our knowledge.

Keywords: Nanoparticles; Unamplified; Bluetongue; Viral RNA

References

1. Ranjan K., et al. “Molecular Typing of Bluetongue Virus 16 From Karnataka State of India”. JMRR 1 (2016): 43-49.
2. Prasad G., et al. “Genomic diversity in Indian isolates of bluetongue virus serotype 1”. Indian Journal of Microbiology 38 (1998): 161-163.
3. Osburn BI. “Bluetongue virus”. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 10 (1994): 547-560.
4. Minakshi P., et al. “Virus-host interactions: new insights and advances in drug development against viral pathogens”. Current Drug Metabolism 18 (2017): 942-970.
5. Ratinier M., et al. “Identification and Characterization of a Novel Non-Structural Proteinof Bluetongue Virus”. PLOS Pathogens 12 (2011): 1-14.
6. Prasad G and Minakshi P. “Comparative evaluation of sensitivity of RNA-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and dot immunobinding assay for detection of bluetongue virus in cell culture”. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 37 (1999): 157-160.
7. Kumar N., et al. “Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and its Applications A Review”. Nano Trends: A Journal of Nanotechnology and Its Applications 3 (2017): 0973-1418.
8. Prasad M., et al. “Nanotherapeutics: An insight into healthcare and multi-dimensional applications in medical sector of the modern world”. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 97 (2018): 1521-1537.
9. Mayer KM and Hafner JH. “Localized surface plasmon resonance sensors”. Chemical Reviews 111 (2011): 3828-3857.
10. Lambe U., et al. “Nanodiagnostics: a new frontier for veterinary and medical sciences”. JEBAS3S (2016): 307-320.
11. Tallury P., et al. “Nanobioimaging and sensing of infectious diseases”. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 62 (2010): 424-437.
12. Mao X., et al. “Disposable nucleic acid biosensors based on gold nanoparticle probes and lateral flow strip”. Analytical Chemistry 81 (2009): 1660-1668.
13. Skottrup PD., et al. “Towards on-site pathogen detection using antibody-based sensors”. Biosensors and Bioelectronics 24 (2008): 339-348.
14. Upadhyayula VK. “Functionalized gold nanoparticle supported sensory mechanisms applied in detection of chemical and biological threat agents: a review”. Analytica Chimica Acta 715 (2012): 1-18.
15. Turkevich J., et al. “A study of the nucleation and growth processes in the synthesis of colloidal gold, Discuss”. Faraday Society 11 (1951): 55-75.
16. Ganareal TACS., et al. “Gold nanoparticle-based probes for the colorimetric detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis DNA”. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 3 (2018): 988-997.
17. Bakthavathsalam P., et al. “A direct detection of Escherichia coli genomic DNA using gold nanoparticles”. Journal of Nanobiotechnology 10 (2012): 8-10.
18. Prasad G., et al. “Genomic diversity in Indian isolates of bluetongue virus serotype 1”. Indian Journal of Microbiology 38 (1998): 161-163.
19. Vishwaradhya TM., et al. “Sensitive detection of novel of Indian isolate of BTV21 using ns1 gene based real-time PCR assay”. Veterinary World 8 (2013): 554-557.
20. Squire KRE., et al. “Rapid methods for comparing the double stranded RNA genome profiles of bluetongue virus”. Veterinary Microbiology 8 (1983): 543-553.
21. “VP7 gene based molecular characterization of Indian isolates of bluetongue virus and evaluation of nucleic acid-based serogroup specific diagnostics. M.V.Sc. thesis submitted to CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India (2003).
22. Roy P. “Bluetongue virus genetics and genome structures. Review article”. Virus Research 13 (1989): 179-206.
23. Prasad G., et al. “RT-PCR and its detection limit for cell culture grown bluetongue virus I using NSI gene specific primers”. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 37 (1999): 1255-1258.
24. Malik Y., et al. “Comparison of cultural characteristics and genomic profiles of two strains of bluetongue virus 1 of Indian origin”. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 70 (2000): 3-7.
25. Malik S. “Genetic diversity and evolutionary relationship of Indian isolates of bluetongue virus serotype 1 based on variable regions of VP2 gene. Ph.D. thesis submitted to CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India (2004).
26. Dahiya S., et al. “Silver Nanoparticles Embedded Photosensitive Silicon as Catheter Materials”. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences 1s (2015): 10-15.
27. Malik YS., et al. “Nanotechnology: applications in animal disease diagnosis. In a multi volume set book on Recent Developments in Biotechnology”. Publisher Studium Press LLC, USA (2013).
28. Liandris E., et al. “Direct detectionof unamplified DNA from pathogenic mycobacteria using DNA-derivatized goldnanoparticles”. Journal of Microbiological Methods78 (2009): 260-264.
29. Andreadou M., et al. “A novel non-amplification assay for the detection of Leishmania spp. in clinical samples using gold nanoparticles”. Journal of Microbiological Methods 96 (2014): 56-61.

Citation

Citation: Upendra P Lambe., et al. “Oligo-Probe Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles for Rapid Detection of Unamplified Bluetongue Viral RNA". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 4.7 (2022): 27-34.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Prasad Minakshi., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.