Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences (ISSN: 2582-3183)

Review Article Volume 4 Issue 5

Global Warming: A Threat to Arctic Mammals

Purva Sharan1, Pankaj Kumar Singh2, Ajay Valiyaveettil Salimkumar3* and Adarsh Jayanth AB4

1,2Bachelor of Fisheries Science, College of Fisheries, Dholi, India
3Department of Marine Resource and Management, University of Bordeaux, France
4Bachelor of Fisheries Science, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad, Kochi, Kerala, India

*Corresponding Author: Ajay Valiyaveettil Salimkumar, Department of Marine Resource and Management, University of Bordeaux, France.

Received: April 13, 2022 Published: April 29, 2022

Abstract

Climate change is a long term phenomenon, several changes observed in the climate of earth since 20th century are because of anthropogenic activities that includes burning of fossil fuels that increases the level of heat trapping greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and it is raising earth’s average surface temperature. The Arctic has a rich biodiversity and provides shelter to numerous plants and animals including human population of around four million. It also helps in balancing our world’s climate. However, global warming due to anthropogenic activities is increasing the Arctic temperature by melting the sea ice. The root cause of this warming is the rise in concentration of greenhouse gases and the deposition of soot on Arctic ice. This temperature is increasing at a rate twice the global average and it has been estimated by some experts that ocean will rise by 23 feet by 2100 also it will lead to starvation of polar bears which indicates a major threat to Arctic’s flora and fauna as well as a matter of concern. As per the report of NSIDC major drop in arctic sea ice was seen in satellite record on 17th September 2012 that is 3.39 million square kilometres. The average data for extension in the entire month of September 2012 was 3.57 million square kilometres. Changes in the arctic climate is a serious matter of concern for whole world because arctic acts as refrigerator for the entire world – it helps to cool the planet. Changes encountered in the arctic environment may also have effects that falls through the food chain, from phytoplankton to mammals. Hence, the aim of this article is mainly focused on impacts of climate change on Arctic mammals and the steps taken to save this polar habitat.

Keywords: Global Warming; Arctic Mammals; Climate Change

References

  1. CT Tynan and DP DeMaster. “Observations and predictions of Arctic climatic change: potential effects on marine mammals 50 (1997): 308-322.
  2. B Würsig., et al. “Global climate change and marine mammals”. in: P.G.H. Evans, J.A. Raga (Eds.), Mar. Mamm. Biol. Conserv., Springer US, Boston, MA (2002): 589-608.
  3. HP Huntington and SE Moore. “Assessing the impacts of climate change on Arctic marine mammals”. Ecological Applications 18 (2008): S1-S2.
  4. J Baker., et al. “Potential effects of sea level rise on the terrestrial habitats of endangered and endemic mega fauna in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands”. Endangered Species Research 2 (2006): 21-30.
  5. JA Learmonth., et al. “Potential effects of climate change on marine mammals”. in: R.N. Gibson, R.J.A. Atkinson, J.D.M. Gordon (Eds.), Oceanography and Marine Biology (Eds.), CRC Press (2006).
  6. DB Siniff., et al. “Opinion: projecting the effects of environmental change on Antarctic seals”. Antarctic Science 20 (2008): 425-435.
  7. CD MacLeod. “Global climate change, rangechanges and potential implications for the conservation of marine cetaceans: a review and synthesis”. Endangered Species Research 7 (2009): 125-136.
  8. EL Hazen., et al. “Marine top predators as climate and ecosystem sentinels”. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 17 (2019): 565-574.
  9. JC George., et al. “Bowhead whale body condition and links to summer sea ice and upwelling in the Beaufort Sea”. Progress in Oceanography 136 (2015): 250-262.
  10. JS McLachlan., et al. “A framework for debate of assisted migration in an era of climate change”. Conservation Biology 21 (2007): 297-302.
  11. ACIA (ARCTIC CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ASSESMENT). “Arctic climate impact assessment: Scientific report, Cambridge”: University of Cambridge Press (2005): 1042.
  12. James E Overland. “The case for global warming in the Arctic”. Influence of climate change on the changing Arctic and sub-Arctic conditions (2009): 13-23.
  13. Oystein wiig., et al. “Effects of climate change on polar bears”. Science Progress Pt 2 (2008): 151-173.
  14. Andrew Derocher., et al. “Polar bears in a warming climate”. Integrative and Comparative Biology 44 (2004): 163-176.
  15. Andrew Derocher. “Climate change: The prospects for polar bears”. Nature 468 (2010): 905-906.
  16. Eva Fuglei and Rolf Anker Ims. “Global warming and effects on the Arctic Fox”. Science Progress (2008): 175-791.
  17. Nathan J Pamperin., et al. “Sea ice use by Arctic foxes in northern Alaska”. Polar Biology (2008): 1421-1426.
  18. Steven Ferguson., et al. “Climate change and ringed seal recruitment in western Hudson Bay”. Marine Mammal Science 21 (2005): 121-135.
  19. Magaly Chambellant, A Little Less (2010): 137-158.
  20. Erik Wolder Born., et al. “The future of Atlantic walrus in a rapidly warming Arctic”. The Atlantic Walrus (2021): 309-332.
  21. Carin J Ashijan., et al. “Bowhead Whale Distribution and Inupiat Subsistence Whaling near Barrow”. Alaska 63 (2010): 179-194.

Citation

Citation: Ajay Valiyaveettil Salimkumar., et al. “Global Warming: A Threat to Arctic Mammals". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 4.5 (2022): 86-91.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Ajay Valiyaveettil Salimkumar., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




Metrics

Acceptance rate35%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days
Impact Factor1.008

Indexed In





News and Events


  • Certification for Review
    Acta Scientific certifies the Editors/reviewers for their review done towards the assigned articles of the respective journals.
  • Submission Timeline for Upcoming Issue
    The last date for submission of articles for regular Issues is September 25, 2024.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be issued a "Publication Certificate" as a mark of appreciation for publishing their work.
  • Best Article of the Issue
    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"
  • Welcoming Article Submission
    Acta Scientific delightfully welcomes active researchers for submission of articles towards the upcoming issue of respective journals.

Contact US