Priya Bajaj¹ and Baby Tabassum²*

¹Department of Zoology, Govt. P.G. College, Noida, Rampur, Utter Pradesh, India
²Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Govt. Raza P.G. College, Rampur, Utter Pradesh, India

*Corresponding Author: Baby Tabassum, Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Govt. Raza P.G. College, Rampur, Utter Pradesh, India.

Received: January 25, 2022; Published: February 16, 2022

Abstract

Heavy metal toxicity is a global health concern. Arsenic is a top ranked toxic metalloid occurring naturally but exposed unavailingly because of human interference. Groundwater arsenic contamination is a serious health issue in West Bengal and other states of India. The present study is designed to find out the toxicity status of arsenic in groundwater of three districts in Western Uttar Pradesh viz. Moradabad, Rampur and Bareilly. For this purpose, samples were collected from different depths of marked sites in selected districts at various times of the year using the prescribed protocols and subjected to AAS analysis. Thus obtained numerical results were tabulated and analysed statistically to calculate the average arsenic content and contamination factor of selected districts. The results indicate a high level of arsenic content as compared to the WHO permissible limit which is just 0.01mg/L. Although all the three districts are at potential risk, but district Bareilly is on the verge. These results may be due to excessive industrialization, unwise e-waste disposal and extensive agricultural application of arsenic compounds. It is now suggested to control the reckless discharge of industrial and agricultural effluents and maintain strict regulation on illegal e-waste disposal in western Uttar Pradesh.

Keywords: Arsenic Toxicity; Western UP; WHO permissible limit

References

1. Adhikari K and Mal U. “Application of multivariate statistics in the analysis of groundwater geochemistry in and around the open cast coal mines of Barjora block, Bankura district, West Bengal, India”. Environmental Earth Sciences3 (2019).
2. Alcântara IL., et al. “Determination of cadmium in river water samples by flame AAS after on-line preconcentration in mini-column packed with 2- aminothiazole-modified silica gel”. Analytical Science7 (2004): 1029-1032.
3. Amini M., et al. “Statistical Modeling of Global Geogenic Arsenic Contamination in Groundwater”. Environmental Science and Technology10 (2004): 3669-3675.
4. ATSDR (Agency for toxic substances and disease registry). “Toxicological Profile for Arsenic”. Draft for Public Comment, Atlanta, GA (2007).
5. Bajaj P., et al. “Groundwater contamination due to uncontrolled disposal of E-waste in some regions of western UP”. European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences8 (2016): 360-364.
6. Bonte M., et al. “Temperature-induced impacts on groundwater quality and arsenic mobility in anoxic aquifer sediments used for both drinking water and shallow geothermal energy production”. Water Research14 (2003): 5088-5100.
7. Chakraborti B., et al. “Arsenic calamity in Indian sub-continent; What lesson have been learned?” Talanta1 (2002): 3-22.
8. Chapman D. “Water Quality Assessment. A guide to use of biota, sediments and water in environmental monitoring”. Chapman and Hall Publishing, Cambridge (1992).
9. Duodu GO., et al. “Comparison of pollution indices for the assessment of heavy metal in Brisbane River sediment”. Environmental Pollution 219 (2016): 1077-1091.
10. Garai R., et al. “Chronic arsenic poisoning from tube well water”. Journal of Indian Medical Association 82 (1984): 34-35.
11. Hughes JP., et al. “Evaluation and synthesis of health effects studies of communities surrounding arsenic producing industries”. International Journal of Epidemiology 17 (1988): 407-413.
12. Khan UM., et al. “Heavy metals potential health risk assessment through consumption of wastewater irrigated wild plants: A case study”. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment1 (2015).
13. Kuivenhoven M and Mason K. “Arsenic Toxicity. Treasure Islan (FL): State Pearls Publishing.
14. Mebrahtu G and Zerabruk S. “Concentration of Heavy Metals in Drinking Water from Urban Areas of the Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia”. MEJS1 (2011): 105-121.
15. Naujokas MF., et al. “The Broad Scope of Health Effects from Chronic Arsenic Exposure: Update on a Worldwide Public Health Problem”. Environmental Health Perspectives3 (2013): 295-302.
16. National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur”. Manual on water and wastewater analysis (1991).
17. Nickson R., et al. “Current knowledge on the distribution of arsenic in groundwater in five states of India”. Journal of Environmental Science and Health 42 (2007): 1707-1718.
18. National Research Council. “Arsenic in Drinking Water”. Washington (1999).
19. Pande KS and Sharma SD. “Studies of toxic pollutants in Ramganga River at Moradabad”. India Environmental Geology2 (1998): 93-96.
20. Rao NS., et al. “Quality and degree of pollution of groundwater, using PIG from a rural part of Telangana State, India”. Applied Water Science 8 (2018): 227.
21. Sabina CG., et al. “Arsenic and Arsenic Compounds. In: Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH (2005).
22. Saxena N and Kaur H. “Evaluation of groundwater quality of Bareilly city”. Journal of Industrial Pollution Control2 (2003): 169-174.
23. Sivakumar T., et al. “Global Challenges in E-waste management: Indian Scenario”. International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology 2 (2011): 10-15.
24. UNICEF/BBS. Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012-13: Final Report. Dhaka, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (2015).
25. World Health Organization. “Guideline for drinking water quality (4th ed.), World Health Organization” (2011).
26. World Health Organization. “Arsenic, Drinking-water and Health Risks Substitution in Arsenic Mitigation: A Discussion Paper” (2003).

Citation

Citation: Priya Bajaj and Baby Tabassum. “A Survey for Risk Assessment of Groundwater Arsenic Intoxication in Certain Regions of Western up". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 4.3 (2022): 26-33.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Priya Bajaj and Baby Tabassum. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.