Abstract

Dietary sodium selenite and selenium-yeast are commonly used to enhance the antioxidant defense in broilers, but they can be toxic. A new form of Se nanoparticles stabilized in chitosan microspheres (CS-SeNP) is well established for low toxicity, but their bioavailability and antioxidant potential has not been investigated in broiler feeding. Our objectives were: a) to synthesize and characterize the properties of CS-SeNP and b) to compare the effects of CS-SeNP as a dietary selenium source with those of sodium selenite and selenium-yeast on meat selenium concentration and oxidative stability in broiler chickens. The CS-SeNP were synthesized by chemical reduction and their properties were determined. Four experimental diets were offered to 200 broilers chickens (5 replicates/diet, 10 broilers/replicate); one control (C) with no added Se, and 3 diets supplemented with 0.4 mg Se/kg either from sodium selenite + selenium-yeast (1:1 ratio; T1), selenium-yeast and CS-SeNPs (1:1 ratio; T2) or CS-SeNP alone (T3). Feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were monitored throughout the trial. At the end of the trial, 10 broilers per diet (2/replicate) were sacrificed and breast meat samples were collected. Meat fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography. Meat selenium content and oxidative stability were determined by hydride (vapor) generation atomic absorption spectroscopy and iron-induced lipid oxidation, respectively. Spherical monodispersed CS-SeNPs of 80.5±20 nm average diameter were obtained. The CS-SeNP were exclusively composed of elemental Se and were encapsulated in chitosan, as indicated by the X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy surveys, respectively. Growth performance was not affected by the dietary selenium addition and differences were not observed between the dietary selenium sources. Meat selenium content and oxidative stability were similar in T1, T2 and T3 broilers, but significantly higher (P < 0.05) when compared to C broilers. In conclusion, the selenium from CS-SeNP enriches meat with selenium and enhances meat oxidative stability in a manner similar to the commonly-used inorganic and organic forms. Given the well-established low toxicity, CS-SeNP has a very good potential as a dietary Se source in broilers and should be further studied.

Keywords: Broilers; Oxidative Stability; Selenium; Selenium Nanoparticles-Loaded Chitosan Microspheres; Selenium-yeast; Sodium Selenite

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Citation

Citation: George Papadomichelakis. “Effects of Selenium Nanoparticles-loaded Chitosan Microspheres on Meat Selenium Content and Oxidative Stability in Broiler Chickens". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 3.11 (2021): 27-38.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 George Papadomichelakis. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.