Claudia Cassimira Silva¹, Natalia Barros Petroli Utimi¹, Larissa José Parazzi², Cristiane Soares da Silva Araújo², Brunna Garcia de Souza Leite¹, Maitê Vital Mendonça², Yasmin Gonçalves de Almeida Sartore², Vera Letticie de Azevedo Ruiz², Simone Maria Massami Kitamura Martins¹, Carlos Alexandre Granghelli¹ and Lúcio Francelino Araújo¹*

¹Department of Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
²Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
³Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil

*Corresponding Author: Lúcio Francelino Araujo, Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Brazil.

Received: July 21, 2021; Published: August 23, 2021

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of zinc provided to sows and their progeny on reproductive parameters, litter and nursery piglet’s performance, zinc (Zn) concentration in plasma, colostrum and milk, bone densitometry, fecal score and intestinal morphometry in piglets. A total of 18 first-parity sows and their hundred and eighty weaned piglets at 21-d-old, were distributed according to a randomized block experimental design in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement into nine treatments, consisting of the supplementation of 100 mg Zn/kg of three different sources (zinc-glycine (ZnGly), zinc amino acid complex (ZnAA) or zinc oxide (ZnO) in the maternal (gestation and lactation) and in the nursery diets. Data were analyzed by MIXED procedures of SAS, and means were compared by the test of Tukey-Kramer. Significance was assessed at P ≤ 0.05 and trends were discussed at P > 0.05 ≤ 0.1. Pregnant sows fed ZnO had greater total feed intake than those fed organic Zn, and lower body weight loss (P < 0.05). Also, piglets from sows fed ZnO had greater ADG (P = 0.05) compared with other treatments. Colostrum and milk Zn concentration were not affected by diet (P > 0.05). Plasma Zn concentration at 21d of lactation in the ZnAA sows were higher than those fed with ZnGly, but it was similar to ZnO (P < 0.05). At 21-d-old, ZnO sows had heavier piglets (P < 0.05) compared to ZnGly sows, but were similar to ZnAA sows. Also, the piglets from sows fed ZnAA had higher (P < 0.05) BMD than those from ZnO sows, but it was similar to sows fed ZnGly the ZnO + ZnGly piglets weaned showed 28.2% of incidence of pasty feces than those in the ZnGly + ZnAA (18.2%) and ZnGly + ZnGly (16.4%) groups, but it similar to the other groups. At 70-d-old, the lowest villus height (P < 0.05) was measured in the duodenum of ZnAA + ZnGly piglets compared to other treatments. The larger CD was observed when the piglets received ZnO and ZnGly (P < 0.05), regardless Zn source from sow. These data suggest that sows fed diets supplemented with ZnO during gestation may be able to increase total feed intake of sow and piglets weaning weight and reduce body weight loss sow. However, in the nursery pig there seems to be very little difference among zinc source on intestinal morphometry, performance and zinc plasma concentration.

Keywords: Colostrum; Diarrhea; Immunity; Nursery; Organic Trace Minerals

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Citation

Citation: Lúcio Francelino Araújo., et al. “Bone Mineral Density and Weaning Weight of Piglets from First-Parity Sows Fed Zinc during Gestation and Lactation". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 3.10 (2021): 59-68.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 Lúcio Francelino Araújo., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.