Anshul Gautam*

College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India

*Corresponding Author: Anshul Gautam, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India.

Received: April 15, 2021; Published: June 15, 2021

Abstract

Heat stress is one of the major problems faced by the tropical countries. It interferes with the normal body functions of the birds leading to their poor growth and poor productive performance. Due to the heat stress birds do not eat in the right amount. Also, the energy of the body is used to maintain the homeostasis of the body in spite of being used for growth and production. Due to heat stress, there is increased water ingestion which results in hemodilution, thus decreasing the concentration of lipid levels, pCO_2, and HCO₃ as well as electrolytes in blood. Prolonged heat stress reduces the visceral supply to the intestines and causes damage to epithelial cells in the gut thereby affecting feed digestion and absorption which also makes the birds prone to other intestinal infections. Because of all these reasons the heat stress is a major problem to the poultry industry and if not taken seriously it can cause a huge economic loss. In the recent years the use of betaine in alleviating the heat stress in birds has gained a major attention. Due to its methyl group donating property and osmoregulatory functions it can play a significant role in the poultry industry.

Keywords: Betaine; Poultry; Heat Stress

References

1. , et al. “Osmoregulatory functions of betaine in alleviating heat stress in poultry birds”. Poultry Journal of Animal Physiology Animal Nutrition 102.5 (2018).
2. , et al. “The effect of betaine and DL-methionine on growth performance and carcass characteristics in meat ducks”. Animal Feed Science and Technology 116.1-2 (2004): 151-159.
3. , et al. “Dietary betaine accumulates in the liver and intestinal tissue and stabilizes the intestinal epithelial structure in healthy and coccidia infected broiler chicks”. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 130.4 (2001): 759-769.
4. Remus J. “Betaine for increased meat yield in turkeys”. World Poultry (2001).
5. , et al. “Response of broiler chick performance to dietary betaine and folic acid at different methionine level”. International Journal of Poultry Science 6.7 (2007): 515-523.
6. , et al. “Effects of betaine on biological functions in meat -type ducks exposed to heat stress”. Poultry Science (2017).
7. , et al. “Effects of betaine on methionine requirement of broilers under various environmental conditions”. Proceedings of the Australian Poultry Science Symposium 6 (1995).
8. , et al. “Effects of betaine on loss of corporal water”. Proceedings of the International poultry Scientific Forum: Southern Poultry Science Society and Southern Conference on Avian Diseases (1998).
9. , et al. “Effect of dietary betaine supplementation on productive, physiological and immunological performance and carcass characteristics of growing developed chicks under the condition of heat stress”. Egyptian Poultry Science Journal 35.1 (2015): 237-259.
10. , et al. “Evaluation of betaine and Vitamin C in alleviation of heat stress in broilers”. International Journal of Agriculture Biology (2005).
11. , et al. “Betaine plays many roles in broiler diets”. the e-publications at watt poultry.com (2009).
12. Flouro -paneri., et al. “Performance of broiler chicks fed on low methionine diets supplemented with betaine”. Bulletin Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society (1997).
13. Sakomura N K., et al. “Effect of dietary betaine supplementation on the performance, carcass yield, and intestinal morphometrics of broilers submitted to heat stress”. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science2 (2013).
14. MN Ahmed., et al. “Application of betaine as feed additive in poultry nutrition – a review”. Journal of Experimental and Applied Animal Sciences 3 (2018): 266-272.
15. , et al. “Effect of betaine supplementation on the Performance and Immune Response of Heat Stressed Broilers”. Pakistan Journal of Zoology (2017).
16. , et al. “Effects of feeding Betaine on Performance and Blood Hormones in laying hens”. Korean Journal of Poultry Science 33.4 (2006).
17. , et al. “Replacement Value of Betaine for DL- Methionine in Male Broiler Chicks”. Poultry Science 76.2 (1997): 321-325.
18. , et al. “Dietary Supplementation of Betaine and Response to High Temperature Stress in Male Broiler Chickens”. Asian -Australian Journal of Animal Sciences (2004).

Citation

Citation: Anshul Gautam. “Acknowledging the Role of Betaine in the Poultry Industry". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 3.7 (2021): 27-30.