Abstract

  Mastitis is the inflammation of the mammary gland, the most frequent bacterial infection seen in dairy cattle causing reduced milk production, changes in milk composition and huge economic loss (almost 70%). Great technological advances and modernization have been made in veterinary field for improvement of disease treatment and prevention till today. However, mastitis continues to be a major economic issue to dairy producers for its handling, treatment and prevention. Nepal is one of the major contributors to the leading to Antibiotics Microbial Resistance(AMR) due to widespread irrational use of antibiotics along with poor health care systems, poor infection control and prevention measures. The antimicrobial resistance is also a growing concern for human health as the animal products are used by humans directly as food products and in via direct or indirect contact. Thus, this research was done to study antibiotic resistance trends of clinical bovine mastitis in cross breed cattle's i.e. Jersey cross and Holstein Friesian cross of Biratnagar, Morang, Nepal. A total of 106 milk samples were collected from cattle's. Of which, 80 samples were of Jersey cross and 26 samples were of Holstein Friesian cross cattle's. Five antibiotics i.e. Penicillin, Gentamycin, Ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin and Tetracycline which are commonly used to treat mastitis were used for antibiotic sensitivity test. The samples were monitored for antibiotic resistance following disk diffusion method. The result revealed that the antimicrobial resistance is very high in case of Gentamycin, Oxytetracycline, Amoxicillin and Penicillin i.e. greater than 50%. The sensitivity of Ciprofloxacin (23.6%) was highest among five drugs however it is very low to be claimed as a proper drug to be used for treating mastitis for further years. It showed that the drugs which were frequently and indiscriminately used to treat mastitis are now on verge of complete resistance and ineffective against bacteria causing mastitis Ciprofloxacin had least resistivity as it was least frequent use in the study area in treatment of clinical mastitis. Thus, it is the most effective drugs that can be used to treat mastitis in Biratnagar area. The results of the present investigation demonstrated the development of very high level of resistance of drugs that are commonly used to treat mastitis in Biratnagar area. This research gave an alarming message to human, veterinary expects regarding misuse of antibiotics in field level, lack of implementation of laws about drug use by the government and less concern towards animal-human-health relationship caused by misuse of drugs in animal products.

Keywords: Mastitis; Resistance; Disk Diffusion; Antibiotics

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Citation

Citation: Raman Ghimire and Yumi Shakya. “Antibiotics Resistance Trends of Clinical Bovine Mastitis in Cross Breed Cattles of Morang District, Nepal". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 3.1 (2021): 06-11.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 Raman Ghimire and Yumi Shakya. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.