Abstract

  Metastatic cancer cells cannot be completely erased by using the traditional surgical or chemo radiotherapy, and relapse may occur as a common things in this. On the other hand the application of stem cell based therapy gain its promise to combat with cancers and removal in a complete manner. Actually, stem cells are those type of cells that can grow at a faster rate and possess self-renewal property. Actually, it act as a novel delivery platform which target both primary and metastatic tumour foci. Besides this they are employed as a nano particle carrier not only give its therapeutic effects but also give relief from treatment side effects. Like chemotherapy may lead to destroy lots of immune cells and other good cells, where supplementation of stem cell may lead to regeneration of those immune cells inside body system. Still challenges like treatment durability and tumorigenesis require further study to improve it’s therapeutic performance and acceptability. This whole review focus on the recent development in anticancer stem cell based therapy and show it’s advantage, potential risks and challenging opportunities.

Keywords: Stem Cell; Cancer; Stem Cell Therapy; Challenges; Application

References

1. Tran C and Damaser MS. “Stem cells as drug delivery methods: application of stem cell secretome for regeneration”. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 82-83 (2015): 1-11.
2. Seita J., et al. “Differential DNA damage response in stem and progenitor cells”. Cell Stem Cell 7 (2010): 145-147.
3. Xiao J., et al. “Dig the root of cancer: targeting cancer stem cells therapy”. Journal of Medical Discovery (2017): D17003.
4. Lin HT., et al. “Stem cell therapy: an exercise in patience and prudence”. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368 (2013): 20110334.
5. Takahashi K and Yamanaka S. “Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors”. Cell 126 (2006): 663-676.
6. Bago JR., et al. “Neural stem cell therapy for cancer”. Methods 99 (2016): 37-43.
7. Kanojia D., et al. “Neural stem cells secreting anti-her2 antibody improve survival in a preclinical model of her2 overexpressing breast cancer brain metastases”. Stem Cells 33 (2016): 2985-2994.
8. Lee HJ., et al. “Cytosine deaminase-expressing human neural stem cells inhibit tumor growth in prostate cancer-bearing mice”. Cancer Letter 335 (2013): 58-65.
9. Yi BR., et al. “Co-treatment with therapeutic neural stem cells expressing carboxyl esterase and CPT- 11 inhibit growth of primary and metastatic lung cancers in mice”. Oncotarget 5 (2014): 12835-12848.
10. Goligorsky MS and Salven P. “Concise review: endothelial stem and progenitor cells and their habitats”. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2 (2013): 499-504.
11. Asahara T., et al. “Isolation of putative progenitor endothelial cells for angiogenesis”. Science 275 (1997): 964-967.
12. Dawood S., et al. “Cancer stem cells: implications for cancer therapy”. Oncology (Williston Park) 28 (2014): 1101-1107, 1110.
13. Bernardo ME and Fibbe WE. “Mesenchymal stromal cells: sensors and switchers of inflammation”. Cell Stem Cell 13 (2013): 392-402.
14. Milwid JM., et al. “Enriched protein screening of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell secretions reveals MFAP5 and PENK as novel IL-10 modulators”. Molecular Therapy 22 (2014): 999-1007.
15. Motaln H., et al. “Human mesenchymal stem cells exploit the immune response mediating chemokines to impact the phenotype of glioblastoma”. Cell Transplantation 21 (2012): 1529-1545.
16. Aboody KS., et al. “Neural stem cells display extensive tropism for pathology in adult brain: evidence from intracranial gliomas”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97 (2000): 12846-12851.75764.
17. Khurana S., et al. “Glypican-3-mediated inhibition of CD26 by TFPI: a novel mechanism in hematopoietic stem cell homing and maintenance”. Blood 121 (2013): 2587-2595.
18. Eseonu OI and De Bari C. “Homing of mesenchymal stem cells: mechanistic or stochastic? Implications for targeted delivery in arthritis”. Rheumatology (Oxford) 54 (2015): 210-218.
19. Suarez-Alvarez B., et al. “Mobilization and homing of hematopoietic stem cells”. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 741 (2012): 152-170.
20. Park SA., et al. “CXCR4-transfected human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells exhibit enhanced migratory capacity toward gliomas”. International Journal of Oncology 38 (2011): 97-103.
21. Koizumi S., et al. “Migration of mouse-induced pluripotent stem cells to glioma-conditioned medium is mediated by tumor-associated specific growth factors”. Oncology Letter 2 (2011): 283-288.
22. Naderi-Meshkin H., et al. “Strategies to improve homing of mesenchymal stem cells for greater efficacy in stem cell therapy”. Cell Biology International 39 (2015): 23-34.
23. Yi BR., et al. “Suppression of the growth of human colorectal cancer cells by therapeutic stem cells expressing cytosine deaminase and interferon-beta via their tumor-tropic effect in cellular and xenograft mouse models”. Molecular Oncology 7 (2013): 543-554.
24. Zielske SP., et al. “Radiation increases invasion of gene-modified mesenchymal stem cells into tumors”. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics (75 (2009): 843-853.
25. Kim SM., et al. “Potential application of temozolomide in mesenchymal stem cell-based TRAIL gene therapy against malignant glioma”. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 3 (2014): 172-182.
26. Huang PH., et al. “Oncogenic EGFR signaling networks in glioma”. Science Signal 2 (2009): e6.
27. van de Water JA., et al. “Therapeutic stem cells expressing variants of EGFR-specific nanobodies have antitumor effects”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109 (2012): 16642-16647.
28. Malecki M. “‘Above all, do no harm’: safeguarding pluripotent stem cell therapy against iatrogenic tumorigenesis”. Stem Cell Research Therapy 5 (2014): 73.
29. Ben-David U., et al. “Immunologic and chemical targeting of the tight-junction protein Claudin-6 eliminates tumorigenic human pluripotent stem cells”. Nature Communication 4 (2013): 1992.
30. Lim DY., et al. “Cytotoxic antibody fragments for eliminating undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells”. Journal of Biotechnology 153 (2011): 77-85.
31. Ben-David U., et al. “Selective elimination of human pluripotent stem cells by an oleate synthesis inhibitor discovered in a high-throughput screen”. Cell Stem Cell 12 (2013): 16.
32. Copelan EA. “Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation”. The New England Journal of Medicine 354 (2006): 1813-1826.
33. Casper J., et al. “Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies After Dose-Escalated Treosulfan/Fludarabine Conditioning”. Journal of Clinical Oncology 28 (2010): 3344-3351.
34. Le Blanc and Ringdén O. “Immunomodulation by mesenchymal stem cells and clinical experience”. Journal of International Medicine 262 (2007): 509-525.
35. Sacchetti B., et al. “Self-Renewing Osteoprogenitors in Bone Marrow Sinusoids Can Organize a Hematopoietic Microenvironment”. Cell 131 (2007): 324-336.
36. Lee RH., et al. “Therapeutic factors secreted by mesenchymal stromal cells and Tissue repair”. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 112 (2011): 3073-3078.
37. Sage E., et al. “Genetically modified mesenchymal stromal cells in cancer therapy”. Cytotherapy 18 (2016): 1435-1445.
38. Malekshah OM., et al. “Enzyme/Prodrug Systems for Cancer Gene Therapy”. Current Pharmacology Report 2 (2016) 299-308.
39. Kucerova L., et al. “Cytosine deaminase expressing human mesenchymal stem cells mediated tumour regression in Melanoma bearing mice”. Journal of Genetic Medicine 10 (2008): 1071-1082.
40. Chang DY., et al. “The growth of brain tumors can be suppressed by multiple transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells Expressing cytosine deaminase”. International Journal of Cancer 127 (2010): 1975-1983.
41. Gutova M., et al. “Optimization of a Neural Stem-Cell-Mediated Carboxylesterase/Irinotecan Gene Therapy for Metastatic Neuroblastoma”. Molecular Therapy - Oncolytics 4 (2016): 67-76.
42. Rosenblum D., et al. “Progress and challenges towards targeted delivery of cancer therapeutics”. Nature Communication 9 (2018): 1410.
43. Behzadi S., et al. “Cellular uptake of nanoparticles: Journey inside the cell”. Chemical Society Reviews 46 (2017): 4218-4244.
44. Roger M., et al. “Mesenchymal stem cells as cellular vehicles for delivery of nanoparticles to brain tumors”. Biomaterials 31 (2010): 8393-8401.
45. Layek B., et al. “Nano-Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cells Increase Therapeutic Efficacy of Anticancer Drug Through True Active Tumor Targeting”. Molecular Cancer Therapy 17 (2018): 1196-1206.
46. Lee RH., et al. “Intravenous hMSCs Improve Myocardial Infarction in Mice because Cells Embolized in Lung Are Activated to Secrete the Anti-inflammatory Protein TSG-6”. Cell Stem Cell 5 (2009): 54-63.
47. Wang X., et al. “Efficient lung cancer-targeted drug delivery via a nanoparticle/MSC system”. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 9 (2018): 167-176
48. Marelli G., et al. “Oncolytic Viral Therapy and the Immune System: A Double-Edged Sword against Cancer”. Frontier in Immunology 9 (2018): 866.
49. Tobias AL., et al. “The timing of neural stem cell-based virotherapy is critical for optimal therapeutic efficacy when applied with radiation and chemotherapy for the treatment of glioblastoma”. STEM Cells Translational Medicine 2 (2013): 655-666.
50. Ong HT., et al. “Systemically delivered measles virus-infected mesenchymal stem cells can evade host immunity to inhibit liver cancer growth”. Journal of Hepatology 59 (2013): 999-1006
51. Miliotou A., et al. “CAR T-cell Therapy: A New Era in Cancer Immunotherapy”. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 19 (2018): 5-18.
52. Dolnikov A., et al. “Stem Cell Approach to Generate Chimeric Antigen Receptor Modified Immune Effector Cells to Treat Cancer”. Blood 124 (2014): 2437.
53. Iriguchi S and Kaneko S. “Toward the development of true “off-the-shelf” synthetic T-cell immunotherapy”. Cancer Science 110 (2019): 16-22.
54. Batlle E and Clevers H. “Cancer stem cells revisited”. Nature Medicine 23 (2017): 1124-1134.
55. Codd AS., et al. “Cancer stem cells as targets for immunotherapy”. Immunology 153 (2017): 304-314.
56. Malta T., et al. “Machine Learning Identifies Stemness Features Associated with Oncogenic Dedifferentiation”. Cell 173 (2018): 338-354.e15.

Citation

Citation: Arghya Bhattacharya and Arindam Chakraborty. “Recent Advantages of Stem Cell Therapy in the Treatment of Cancer".Acta Scientific Pharmacology 1.12 (2020): 06-12.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Arghya Bhattacharya and Arindam Chakraborty. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.