Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary hepatic neoplasia that ranked second among cancer related mortality worldwide. HCC is predominant in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa with lower prevalence in the Eastern Mediterranean countries and western societies. In addition, almost 50% of newly diagnosed HCC cases occur in China. Moreover, In the USA, the HCC incidence rates have doubled over the past two decades [1].

  The increase in HCC incidence globally could be attributed to many factors. First the continuous increase in the number of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis whereas liver cirrhosis is the primary predisposing factor for HCC. Other cirrhosis risk factors include alcohol abuse and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In addition, HCC can develop in patients with chronic liver disease without underlying cirrhosis. Among patients with non‐cirrhotic HCC, 20% had Fibrosis‐4 (FIB‐4) >3.6 and 45% had FIB‐4 1.6‐3.6, while NASH accounts for 26.3% of non-cirrhotic HCC cases. Furthermore, metabolic and genetic diseases associated with HCC are hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease, α-1 antitrypsin disease, tyrosinemia, glycogen storage types I and II, and porphyrias [2].

References

1. Rawla P., et al. “Update in global trends and aetiology of hepatocellular carcinoma”. Contemporary oncology (Poznan, Poland) 22.3 (2018): 141-150.
2. Balogh J., et al. “Hepatocellular carcinoma: a review”. Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma 3 (2016): 41-53.
3. Ledda C., et al. “Noninfective occupational risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma: A review (Review)”. Molecular Medicine Reports 15.2 (2017): 511-533.
4. Daher S., et al. “Current and Future Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Updated Comprehensive Review”. Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 6 (2018): 69-78.

Citation

Citation: Yomna S Mo’men. “Hepatocellular Carcinoma is a Global Burden”.Acta Scientific Pharmacology 1.3 (2020): 01.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Yomna S Mo’men. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.