Personality and Mental Disorders: Examination and Comparison of Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of Personality in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Anxiety Disorders
Behrooz Afshari1, Fatemeh Jafarian Dehkordi1, Jila Hasani1,
Masoumeh Moghbeli Hanzaii1, Hanieh Nasrollahizadeh1, Ali Asghar
Asgharnejad Farid2, Zeinab Rezaie1, Behnoosh Aramfar4, Zohreh
Balagabri5, Nayereh Mardi5, Mohsen Mohebi4
1Department of Clinical Psychology, Kashan University of medical sciences, Kashan,
Iran
2Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and mental
health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatric), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
3Thalas Babajani Health Network, Kermanshah, Iran
4Islamic Azad University-Kermanshah Branch, Iran
5Farhangian University of Kermanshah, Kermanshah, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Behrooz Afshari, Department of Clinical Psychology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Received:
March 26, 2022; Published: April 29, 2022
Abstract
Background: Reinforcement sensitivity theory is a neurocognitive theory of personality that strives to explain the underlying structure of personality.
Aim: The present study aimed to address this issue by assessing the behavioral systems of revised-RST, i.e., BIS, BAS, fight, flight, and freeze among four populations.
Methods: Participants included 235 out-patients, of these, 54 met the DSM-5 criteria for OCD, 65 for GAD, 72 for SAD, and 44 for PD. Further, 82 healthy controls were recruited and matched on education and age. Then, participants completed demographic information and several questionnaires in Persian. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Chi-squared analyses, the independent t-tests, and MANCOVA was used to compare demographics and clinical variables in five groups.
Results: The mean score of GAD in r-BAS was higher than the other abnormal groups, but the mean score of r-BIS was higher for the OCD group. In addition, the PD group experienced the highest Fight as well as Flight mean score. Also, the GAD group experienced the highest mean score of Freeze. The greatest effect size was for r-BAS, whereas the effect size of the groups for Flight and Freeze was lower than the other scales.
Conclusions: More nuanced knowledge from RST may be helpful in the diagnosis, etiology, and continuation of common mental disorders. The results may help us understand better the personality-related psychopathology underlying OCD as well as anxiety disorders.
Keywords: Personality; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Anxiety Disorders
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