Bilal F Shanti¹*, Zaynab I Shanti² and Ihsan F Shanti³

¹Founder and Medical Director of Omnia Pain Consultants and Anesthesiologist with Formal US Fellowship Training in Pain Medicine and Practicing Pain Medicine in a Private Pain Clinic in Phoenix, AZ, USA ²Second Year Medical Student at the Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, The University of Medicine and Health Sciences in Dublin, Ireland ³Founder and Medical Director of The American Clinic for Interventional Pain and Spine and Anesthesiologist with Formal US Fellowship Training in Pain Medicine and Practicing Pain Medicine in a Private Pain Clinic in Amman, Jordan

*Corresponding Author: Bilal F Shanti, Founder and Medical Director of Omnia Pain Consultants and Anesthesiologist with Formal US Fellowship Training in Pain Medicine and Practicing Pain Medicine in a Private Pain Clinic in Phoenix, AZ, USA.

Received: September 16, 2021; Published: November 10, 2021

Abstract

Chronic pain poses a tremendous burden on economies worldwide. It is among the top causes of work absenteeism. It costs the world hundreds of billions in losses. Pain physicians and other healthcare clinicians face major challenges in treating pain experienced by individuals with persistent pain. How acute pain becomes chronic offers so many theories but little solutions. It is a complex syndrome as complex as pain pathophysiology. It encompasses complex sensory, immune inflammatory, and endocrine interactions at the levels of cerebrum, spinal cord, and peripheral levels. When repeated and/or continuous nerve stimulation precipitates a series of altered pain pathways, resulting in central sensitization and impaired central nervous system mechanisms. The discovery of the roles of PKMzeta, BDNF, and NGF is among the most important in the field of pain medicine. It is a matter of time that PKMzeta inhibitors, BDNF and NGF modulators will lead us closer to discovering novel therapeutic agents that will block acute pain from becoming chronic. The goal of this manuscript is to review the latest and most interesting developments in this filed.

Keywords: Metamorphosis; Chronic Pain; Pain Medicine; PKMzeta; BDNF; NGF

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Citation

Citation: Bilal F Shanti., et al. “Metamorphosis of Acute to Chronic Pain: A Novel Era of Discoveries in the Field of Pain Medicine".Acta Scientific Neurology 4.12 (2021): 04-06.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 Bilal F Shanti., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.