Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Encephalitis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 MRI Findings
in an Immunocompetent Adult
Lintu Ramachandran1*, Vibhav K Bansal2, Muhammad Janjua3, Taha Mohamed Djirdeh1 and Janine Borja1
1Internal Medicine Residency, Javon Bea Hospital, Rockford, Illinois, USA
2Interventional Neurology, Javon Bea Hospital, Rockford, Illinois, USA
3Neurosurgery, Javon Bea Hospital, Rockford, Illinois, USA
*Corresponding Author: Lintu Ramachandran, Internal Medicine Residency, Javon Bea Hospital, Rockford, Illinois, USA.
Received:
March 31, 2021; Published: May 27, 2021
Abstract
Infectious encephalitis is a common cause of acute altered mental status in adults. Most cases of viral encephalitis are often from Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)-1 and are commonly associated with specific MRI findings that include temporal lobe changes. HSV-2 associated encephalitis is however remarkably rare. Even in HSV-2 encephalitis cases, MRI findings of temporal lobe changes are not typical. We present the case of a patient who presented with classic MRI findings, but was found to have PCR confirmed HSV-2 associated encephalitis. We discuss and hypothesize mechanisms by which HSV gains access to CNS and the reason behind increasing cases of HSV-2 associated encephalitis.
Keywords: HSV; Encephalitis; Temporal Lobe; Infectious Encephalitis; Herpes Simplex Virus
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