Alcoholism is a great threat to human beings, especially in this century. In countries like Saudi Arabia, Iran, etc., alcohol intake is illegal and is considered as sin or crime. The highest consumption of alcohol is noticed in Lithuania and Belarus. The United States law allows people to drink alcohol when they attain 21 years of age. In Central African Republic, one should be about 15 years to drink alcohol.

  In our earlier reports, we have discussed in detail about alcohol mediated folate deficiency; alcohol induced oral complications; and alcohol induced changes in brain architecture [1-3]. Alcohol mediated structural and functional changes of brain lead to memory loss, a major feature of Alzheimer’s disease. In our recent report, we have discussed pesticides induced Alzheimer’s disease especially to innocent farmers of developing countries [4].

References

1. Gowder SJT and McMartin KE. “Methods to evaluate the effect of ethanol on the folate analogue, fluorescein methotrexate uptake in human proximal tubular cells”.  Advances in Pharmacological Sciences 291349 (2009).
2. Uppala D and Gowder S. “Safety Assessment of Alcohol on Oral Health”.  Medical Safety and Global Health 5.1 (2016).
3. Mehta SK and Gowder SJT. “Alcoholism and The Brain Architecture”.  Journal of Neurology and Neurobiology 2.4 (2016). 
4. Alrashdi AS and Gowder SJT. “Is AD, A Major Threat to Innocent Farmers?” Acta Scientific Neurology 2.12 (2019): 01-02.
5. Cohurt M. “Alcohol may prime the brain for Alzheimer's, but how?” Medical News Today (5 June 2018). 
6. Jürgen R., et al. “Alcohol use and dementia: a systematic scoping review”.  Alzheimer's Research and Therapy (2019): 11. 
7. Heymann D., et al. “The Association Between Alcohol Use and the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease”.  Current Alzheimer Research 13.12 (2016): 1356-1362. 
8. Kalinin S., et al. “Transcriptome analysis of alcohol-treated microglia reveals downregulation of beta amyloid phagocytosis”.  Journal of Neuroinflammation 15. 141 (2018).
9. Buddy T. “An Overview of Alcoholic Dementia. Wernicke- Korsakoff Syndrome”.  Verywell Mind (2019). 
10. Topiwala A. “Moderate alcohol consumption as risk factor for adverse brain outcomes and cognitive decline: longitudinal cohort study”.  British Medical Journal 357.2353 (2017).

Citation

Citation: Sivakumar J T Gowder. “Is Drinking Alcohol (Moderate to Heavy), A Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease?”.Acta Scientific Neurology 3.2 (2020): 20-21.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Sivakumar J T Gowder. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.