Sakshi Singh¹, Saurabh Mishra²* and Abhishek Prakash Dubey³

¹M.Sc. Biotechnology, Mahayogi Gorakhnath University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
¹M.Sc. Biotechnology, Siddharth University, Kapilvastu, Siddharthnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
¹Department of Biotechnology, DDU University, Gorakhpur, UP, ,India

*Corresponding Author: Saurabh Mishra, M.Sc. Biotechnology, Siddharth University, Kapilvastu, Siddharthnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 272202, India.

Received: June 05, 2025; Published: June 15, 2025

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease are responsible for causing dementia and accounts for 60-70% of all cases, due to which millions of people worldwide were affected. Alzheimer’s disease becomes economic burden on societies and to healthcare systems also. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that gradually destroys memory, thinking social and behaviour skills and eventually, the ability to carry out simple tasks. Other clinical characteristics include confusion, hallucination, agitation, and behaviour disturbance. Alzheimer’s gets worse over time. It causes the brain to shrink and brain cells to eventually die. There is no cure for Alzheimer’s diseases, but medications and therapies can help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life for people with the diseases. As the prevalence of AD continues to increases, understanding its pathogenesis, improving diagnostic methods, and developing effective therapeutics have become paramount. Effective therapeutics for Alzheimer’s diseases are needed. It is believed that Alzheimer’s diseases (AD) is a complex and heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder with no definitive cure. Precision therapeutics aim to tailor treatments based on an individual’s genetic, molecular, and lifestyle factors to enhance efficacy and minimize adverse effects. Advances in genomics have enabled targeted therapies, such as antisense oligonucleotides and CRISPER- based gene editing, particularly for patients with high- risk genetic variants like ApoE4 and familial AD mutations (APP, PSEN1, PSEN2). Biomarker – driven approaches, including amyloid and tau-targeting monoclonal antibodies (Aducanumab, Lecanemab), along with neuroinflammation modulators, are shaping personalized interventions. Additionally, emerging strategies in multi-omics integration, AI- driven drug repurposing, microbiome- based therapies, and digital biomarkers are revolutionizing early diagnosis and individualized treatment plans. By leveraging precision medicine, the future of AD therapeutics lies in personalized, proactive, and predictive approaches that may significantly alter disease progression and improve patient outcomes. Another important factor in this development is the emergence of precision therapeutics that aims to tailor treatment to specific patients or patient subgroups. This relatively new platform would categorize AD patients on the basis of parameters like clinical genetics, and epidemiological factors. This review enlarges on recent progress in the design and clinical use of antisense molecules, antioxidants, antibodies, small molecules, and gene editing to stop AD progress and possibly reverse the disease on the basis of relevant biomarkers.

Keywords: Precision Therapeutics; Alzheimer’s Disease; Biomarker; Epidemiological Factors

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Citation

Citation: Saurabh Mishra., et al. “Precision Therapeutics for Alzheimer’s Disease".Acta Scientific Microbiology 8.7 (2025): 07-28.

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Copyright: © 2025 Saurabh Mishra., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.