Aurora Martinez-Romero¹*, Jose L Ortega-Sanchez³, Maribel Cervantes-Flores², Jose J Alba-Romero¹, Gabriel I Portillo de los Santos¹ and Valeria A Flores-Barron¹

¹Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Gómez Palacio Unit, Juárez University of the State of Durango, Durango, Mexico
²Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Durango, Durango, Mexico
³Regional University Unit of Arid Zones, Chapingo Autonomous University, Bermejillo, Durango, México

*Corresponding Author: Aurora Martinez-Romero, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Gómez Palacio Unit, Juárez University of the State of Durango, Durango, Mexico

Received: May 31, 2024; Published: June 14, 2024

Abstract

Brucellosis is a zoonosis of worldwide distribution, and an economically important infection of humans and livestock. The main species have been isolated from human infections are B. abortus and B. melitensis. The objective was to evaluate the Western blot technique for the detection of lipopolysaccharides and glycoproteins from specific Brucella antigens in northeastern Mexico. The study was descriptive and cross-sectional where 79 Goats of Saneen, Alpina, Toggenburg and Nubia breeds were sampled from a herd of the Ejido La Victoria in Mapimí, Durango, as a test sieve rose bengal was processed, the extraction of total proteins was also carried out membrane of the blood samples and thus the detection of Brucella by Western-blot. Of the total of 79 goats sampled from the herd of Ejido La Victoria in the municipality of Mapimí, Durango, 34 were positive to the Rose Bengal test used as a screening test, resulting in a seroprevalence of 43,03% In the present work it was evident the lipopolysaccharide exposure of B. melitensis evidenced by the serological reaction observed with the Rose Bengal antigen and with respect to the Western blot the protein of 37 kDa of both samples was detected by the sera of the samples RB positive of B. melitensis. By the Western blot method, 28 immunodominant proteins were detected in sera evaluated previously with the Rose Bengal test, it was observed that from the group of 4 goat breeds studied, the exclusive presence of a protein in a specific breed was not found, giving understood that B. melitensis does not discriminate between races. It is proposed that the 37 kDa protein is the most suitable to be used as a good marker of B. melitensis in goats and can be taken as reference for further studies in order to establish specific biomarkers for the diagnosis of this etiological agent.

Keywords: Brucella; Sensitivity; Specificity; Diagnosis

References

1. Moriyón I., et al. “Brucellosis and One Health: inherited and future challenges”. Microorganisms8 (2023): 2070.
2. Pinn-Woodcock T., et al. “A one-health review on brucellosis in the United States”. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 4 (2023): 451-462.
3. Franc KA., et al. “Brucellosis remains a neglected disease in the developing world: a call for interdisciplinary action”. BMC Public Health1 (2018): 125.
4. Saxena HM and Raj S. “A novel immunotherapy of Brucellosis in cows monitored non invasively through a specific biomarker”. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 4 (2018): e0006393.
5. Lokamar PN., et al. “Socio-economic impacts of brucellosis on livestock production and reproduction performance in Koibatek and Marigat regions, Baringo County, Kenya”. BMC Veterinary Research 16 (2020): 61.
6. Ameen AM., et al. “Molecular detection and associated risk factors of Brucella melitensis in aborted sheep and goats in duhok province, Iraq”. Pathogens4 (2023): 544.
7. Qureshi KA., et al. “Brucellosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment–a comprehensive review”. Annals of Medicine2 (2023): 2295398.
8. Awais MM., et al. “Epidemiology of Brucellosis in Small Ruminants of Rural and Peri-Urban Areas of Multan, Pakistan”. Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology (2024): 1-14.
9. Jin M., et al. “Research progress on complications of Brucellosis”. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 13 (2023): 1136674.
10. Fiorentino MA., et al. “Lectin binding patterns and immunohistochemical antigen detection in placenta and lungs of Brucella abortus-bovine infected fetuses”. Open Veterinary Journal 1 (2018): 57-63.
11. Park WB., et al. “Analysis of protein expression in Brucella abortus mutants with different growth rates by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and LC-MS/MS peptide analysis”. Journal of Veterinary Science 19.2 (2018): 216-231.
12. El-Diasty M., et al. “Isolation of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis from Seronegative Cows is a Serious Impediment in Brucellosis Control”. Veterinary Sciences 1 (2018): 1-4.
13. Marumo B., et al. “Seroprevalence of brucellosis in communal and smallholder cattle farming in North West Province, South Africa”. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 1 (2023): 2114.
14. Qayum N., et al. “The outbreak of migratory goat’s brucellosis in the Swat ecosystem of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa”. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 1 (2023): 2079.
15. Marvi A., et al. “Trend Analysis and Affecting Components of Human Brucellosis Incidence During 2006 to 2016”. Medical Archives 1 (2018): 17-21.
16. Tu L., et al. “Imaging-Assisted Diagnosis and Characteristics of Suspected Spinal Brucellosis: A Retrospective Study of 72 Cases”. Medical Science Monitor 24 (2018): 2647-2654.
17. Alkahtani AM., et al. “Sero-prevalence and risk factors of brucellosis among suspected febrile patients attending a referral hospital in southern Saudi Arabia (2014–2018)”. BMC Infectious Diseases 20 (2020): 26.
18. Silbereisen A., et al. “Development of a bead-bases luminex assay using lipopolysaccharide specific monoclonal antibodies to detect biological threats from Brucella species”. BMC Microbiology 198 (2015): 2-10.
19. Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASICA). Secretaria de Salud. Panorama epidemiológico de brucelosis. (2022).
20. Softic A., et al. “The serostatus of Brucella, Chlamydia abortus, Coxiella burnetii and Neospora caninum in cattle in three cantons in Bosnia and Herzegovina”. BMC Veterinary Research 14.1 (2018): 40.
21. Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganadería, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentación (SAGARPA). Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria. Situación actual del control de la brucelosis en México. (2023).
22. Purwar S., et al. “Utility of Serological Tests in the Era of Molecular Testing for Diagnosis of Human Brucellosis in Endemic Area with Limited Resources”. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 2 (2016): DC26-29.
23. Cuevas Jacquez RA., et al. “Diagnosis of Caprine Brucellosis by Serology and Multiple PCR”. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science5 (2017): 82-87.
24. Wareth G., et al. “Proteomics-based identification of inmmunodominant proteins of Brucellae using sera from infected hosts points towards enhanced pathogen survival during the infection”. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 456 (2016): 202-206.
25. Awah-Ndukum J., et al. “Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Brucellosis among Indigenous Cattle in the Adamawa and North Regions of Cameroon”. Veterinary Medicine International (2018): 1-11.
26. Bulashev A and Eskendirova S. “Brucellosis detection and the role of Brucella cell wall proteins”. Veterinary World 16.7 (2023): 1390-1399.

Citation

Citation: Aurora Martinez-Romero., et al. “Evaluation of the Western Blot Technique for the Detection of Lipopolysaccharides and Glycoproteins from Specific Brucella Antigens in Northeastern Mexico". Acta Scientific Microbiology 7.7 (2024): 17-26.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2024 Aurora Martinez-Romero., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.