Bernard O. Ejechi¹*, Olivia S. Egbule¹, Osereme Egbele¹ and Obaro L. Oyubu²

¹Department of Microbiology, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
²Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: Bernard O. Ejechi, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

Received: April 26, 2024; Published: May 18, 2024

Abstract

The investigation was undertaken to ascertain the prevalence of fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistant enteric bacteria in domestic kitchens in an urban environment. Warri town in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria was the urban settlement used. A multi-stage technique with central Warri and 2 bordering localities as primary stages and 20 randomly selected domestic kitchens/primary area as secondary stages was adopted. The swab-rinse method was used to collect samples from floors, plates and utensils in the kitchens and used to inoculate Nutrient agar for heterotrophic plate counts (HPC), and MacConkey and Deoxycholate Citrate agar for isolating enteric bacteria (EB). Susceptibility of EB to 3 FQs, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin and Levofloxacin was determined by the agar disc diffusion technique while plasmid curing was by the sodium dodecyl sulphate method. HPC was high (4.31 ± 0.34-4.79 ± 0.22 log cfu/cm2) thereby indicating a “fertile ground” for the growth of EB. The EB identified were Enterobacter, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Klebsiella and Citrobacter with variations in the number of isolates (28-48 isolates). Prevalence of resistance to FQs were high; it varied with isolates and kitchen sources and it stood at 35.7-71.1, 30.0-73.7, and 30.0-76.5% for Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin and, Levofloxacin, respectively. Prevalence of resistance to the FQs was associated with kitchen sources of EB (X2 = 25.18; P = 0.000). Although with low prevalence (3.4-22.2%), plasmid-mediated FQ resistance occurred with a tendency to be higher in Salmonella and Shigella. Thus domestic kitchens can be vulnerable to ingress of FQ resistant bacteria with consequences of horizontal transfer and therapeutic problems with diarrhoeal infections.

Keywords: Enteric Bacteria; Fluoroquinolones; Domestic Kitchens; Antimicrobial Resistance

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Citation

Citation: Bernard O. Ejechi., et al. “Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone Resistant Enteric Bacteria in Households’ Domestic Kitchen Environment in a Nigerian Urban Setting".Acta Scientific Microbiology 7.6 (2024): 17-24.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2024 Bernard O. Ejechi., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.