Elaine Cristina Birssi¹, Daniela Dambroso-Altafini², Cecilia Saori Mitsugui², James Albiero¹, Fabrícia Gimenes¹, Patrícia de Mattos Andriato³, Heloisa Moreira Dias Pereira¹, Giuliana Zardeto⁴ and Maria Cristina Bronharo Tognim¹*

¹Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

*Corresponding Author: Maria Cristina Bronharo Tognim, Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.

Received: June 07, 2023; Published: June 23, 2023

Abstract

Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA or MRSA) sensitive or resistant to oxacillin are the main causative agents of bloodstream infection (BSI) and are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of the present study was to analyze the frequency of MSSA and MRSA isolates recovered from patients with BSI and to evaluate the main antibacterials used in the treatment. We retrospectively evaluated data from 98 patients who had BSI (22 MRSA BSI and 76 MSSA BSI) hospitalized in different sectors of a hospital between 2013 and 2021. The 98 S. aureus isolates evaluated were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, gentamicin, daptomycin, teicoplanin and rifamycin. The median length of stay was 27.5 and 19 days for patients with MRSA BSI and MSSA BSI, respectively. The mean number of antibacterials used per patient was approximately 5 for patients with MRSA BSI and 6 for patients with MSSA BSI. In the analysis of the antibacterial therapy used before and after the detection of MSSA BSI and MRSA BSI, we observed that most patients were already on the appropriate antibacterial therapy or had their therapy adjusted after detection. For patients with MRSA BSI, adjustment was performed mainly with vancomycin or linezolid. For patients with MSSA BSI, the therapeutic adjustment was performed using oxacillin, vancomycin and linezolid. In relation to patients who had MRSA BSI, in 7 of them other bacteria were isolated from the urine, catheter tip, endotracheal aspirate and/or blood. Of these patients, only 2 survived (29%). However, of the 11 patients who had only MRSA infection, 9 survived (82%). Our data suggest that the simultaneous presence of S. aureus and other bacteria may lead to worse clinical outcomes. We also evidenced a high consumption of antibacterials per patient and that although the median length of stay was higher for patients with MRSA BSI, the average use of antibacterials was slightly higher in patients with MSSA BSI. Thus, we conclude that there is a need to improve the management of antibacterial therapies, diagnostic methods and measures to control and prevent BSI by MRSA and MSSA.

Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; MSSA and MRSA; Bloodstream Infection; Co-infection; Antimicrobials

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Citation

Citation: Maria Cristina Bronharo Tognim., et al. “Antibacterial Therapy Used in the Treatment of Bloodstream Infections Caused by Methicillin-Sensitive and Resistant Staphylococcus aureus". Acta Scientific Microbiology 6.7 (2023): 52-59.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2023 Maria Cristina Bronharo Tognim., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.