Rekha Mehrotra¹, Anantika Singh¹, Angel Merry Indwar¹, Ritika Das¹, Sonal Roy¹, Sakshi Kumari¹, Yamini Agrawal³, Preeti Verma¹, Aarti Yadav¹* and Diwakar Kumar²*

¹Department of Microbiology, Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied Sciences for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India

*Corresponding Author: Department of Microbiology, Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied Sciences for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi and Dr.Diwakar Kumar, Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, India.

Received: March 10, 2023; Published: April 17, 2023

Abstract

Domain Archaea includes anaerobic prokaryotes like Methanogens which convert varieties of methyl compounds into methane by utilizing hydrogen to reduce acetate and carbon dioxide. Methanobacteriales, Methanococcales, Methanopyrales, Methanomicrobiales and Methanosarcinales are the five well -established orders classified by current taxonomy of methanogens. Not only are they found in extreme habitats, but they are also reported in various environments like the human body and mesophilic conditions. In humans, methanogens have been studied in the gastrointestinal tract, mouth, and vagina. Apart from the animal digestive tract, they are also found in the anoxic sedimented area and sewage sludge digestion. Methanoarchaea is an essential part of ammonia turnover and also considered a part of the human skin microbiome. The human body shelters a handful of methanogen species represented by Methanobrevibacter oralis, Methanomassiliicoccus luminyensis, Methanobrevibacter smithii, Methanosphaera stadtmanae, Candidatus Methanomethylophilus alvus, and Candidatus Methanomassiliicoccus intestinalis. Most methanogens are chemoautotrophs. They are a morphologically diverse group. Their application as probiotics in lactating cows, beef and cattle is of great significance. Methanogens affect climate vastly, and methane is one of the principal factors behind greenhouse fuel emissions. Biogas contributes to sustainable development by utilizing waste, and methane contributes to this renewable energy source. In this review, we examine the current knowledge about the Methanogens' possible beneficial or less favorable interactions.

Keywords: Archaea; Methanogens; Sustainable Development; Methane; Biogas

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Citation

Citation: Diwakar Kumar., et al. “Methanogens: Way Ahead for Sustainable Development". Acta Scientific Microbiology 6.5 (2023): 39-51.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2023 Diwakar Kumar., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.