Joyeta Ghosh¹*, Aditi Nag Chaudhuri², Indranil Saha³ and Debnath Chaudhuri⁴

¹Department of Dietetics and Applied Nutrition, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences (AIAS), Amity University - Kolkata Campus, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal 700135, India.

*Corresponding Author: Joyeta Ghosh, Department of Dietetics and Applied Nutrition, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences (AIAS), Amity University - Kolkata Campus, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal 700135, India.

Received: February 06, 2023; Published: March 13, 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Vitamin D plays crucial role as an antimicrobial agent, the deficiency of which has deleterious effects on the general wellbeing, especially among elderly. The incidence and severity of infectious diseases in the elderly are associated with a variety of functional, demographic and immunologic changes inside the body due to ageing.

Objective: The aim was to examine the association of vitamin D status with antimicrobial activity of cultured macrophages isolated within an exclusively elderly population cohort. In addition, the present study was also determined the antimicrobial activity (against E. coli infection) of cultured macrophages after in vitro supplementation of Vitamin D.

Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted among 97 randomly selected rural elderly women aged between 60 to 70 years of age, during the period of April 2014 to August 2018,at Amdanga block, North 24^th parganas, West Bengal. Their vitamin D status was assessed by the estimation of serum 25(OH)D and classified into three groups viz. sufficient (40 members), insufficient (28 members) and deficient (29 members). After that the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) were isolated and cultured from fresh blood from each and every study subject. Supplementation of 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D[1,25(OH)₂D] was given selectively at a dose of 10 ×10^-8 M for 72 hours in the culture media and were exposed to Escherichia coli and screened for their iNOS activity (inducible Nitric Oxide Sythase), SOD activity (Superoxide Dismutase) and CFU (Colony Forming Unit) reduction rate. SPSS software, version 20.0 was used to perform statistical analysis.

Results: iNOS activity and SOD activity were significantly increased in case of both sufficient and deficient group. As per the CFU reduction rate against E. coli infection there is no significant difference were observed according to serum 25(OH)D consisting group. After in vitro 1,25(OH)₂D supplementation,the maximum increase in CFU reduction rate was observed among Deficient group(63.57%), whereas in case of Insufficient group it was 60.11% and for Sufficient group it was 44.66%.

Conclusion: Considering bacteria killing capacity of macrophages the in vitro 1,25(OH)₂D supplementation significantly inreases the CFU reduction rateoverall. Sufficient group’s macrophages always had better profile than other two groups. In vitro 1,25(OH)₂D supplementation increases iNOS and SOD activity significantly.

 Keywords: E. coli; iNOS Activity; SOD Activity; Bacteria Killing Assay; Elderly Women

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Citation

Citation: Joyeta Ghosh., et al. “Antimicrobial Effect of 1,25 Dihydroxy Vitamin D on Escherichia coli and its Association with Serum 25 Hydroxy Vitamin D Level: An Experimental Study on the Elderly Women". Acta Scientific Microbiology 6.4 (2023): 27-34.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Joyeta Ghosh., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.