Pawan Kumar Anoor¹, Aare Nichita¹, Karthik Rajkumar¹, Srinivas Naik² and Sandeepta Burgula³*

¹Department of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India

*Corresponding Author: Sandeepta Burgula, Professor, Department of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India.

Received: January 09, 2023; Published: January 19, 2023

Abstract

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is known to be one of the earliest acute phase response proteins to be elevated in infections. Its role in LPS induced inflammatory conditions is being studied for devising strategies to modulate acute phase response. Present study involves analyzing the effect of Gram negative bacterial LPS on the expression of SAA and role of a traditional herb Andrographis paniculata on this expression. Plant extracts have been traditionally used since centuries as a means of treating infections. A. paniculata is one such herb extensively utilized in multiple continents for treating inflammatory conditions, infections and even cancer. While testing LPS from Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi, it was observed that K. pneumoniae LPS showed maximum induction of SAA expression. On screening of patients suffering with bacterial sepsis, a general trend of high SAA expression was observed in patients showing poor outcome. K. pneumoniae LPS induced SAA levels were observed to be reversed by A. paniculata (Ap) methanolic extracts. Interestingly, the extracts also reduced LPS induced inflammatory cytokines- TNF, IL-1β and IL-6 levels, NLRP3, Caspase-1 and Caspase-8 activation, indicating, reversal of apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death. The extracts also reduced the expression of the inflammatory enzyme Cyclooxygenase-2. Upon immunoblotting, it was observed that activation of NFκB and phosphorylation of ERK were significantly inhibited by Ap extracts, indicating that this might be the mechanism of reversal of pyroptosis and apoptosis. In conclusion, these findings are useful to state the importance of A. paniculata extracts in alleviating adverse effects of the immune response and host survival.

Keywords: Serum Amyloid A; Inflammation; Andrographis paniculata; TNF-α; IL-1β

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Citation

Citation: Sandeepta Burgula., et al. “A.paniculata extracts reverse LPS induced inflammation Extracts Reverse LPS Induced Inflammation Via Suppression of Serum Amyloid A and NLRP3 Mediated Inflammasome Pathway". Acta Scientific Microbiology 6.2 (2023): 67-79.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Sandeepta Burgula., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.