Acta Scientific Microbiology (ISSN: 2581-3226)

Review Article Volume 5 Issue 10

Microalgae and its Potential to Touch Everyone’s Life

Ronak Chhaya* and Debabrata Sarkar

Research and Development, Microalgae Solutions India Pvt. Ltd. (Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Alga Energy, Spain), India

*Corresponding Author: Ronak Chhaya, Research and Development, Microalgae Solutions India Pvt. Ltd. (Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Alga Energy, Spain), India.

Received: August 16, 2022; Published: September 14, 2022

Abstract

Microalgae have in recent times fascinated substantial attention worldwide, due to their massive application potential in the agriculture, animal nutrition, aqua culture, renewable energy, biopharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries. For growth, microalgae utilize nitrates and phosphates from municipal wastewater and other industries. Microalgae have been consumed by humans since thousands of years. Microalgae are not fully studied crop to produce dietary foods. Microalgae can cultivate easily with limited resources as compared to the traditional crops and produce more yield compared to terrestrial crops. The enervation of renewable source of energy and wastewater treatment are one of the concerning issues for the growing population. Microalgae are wealthy supply of supermolecules called protein and bio-active components, provided one more health benefit. Microalgae has been constructed with an emerging next generation group of unicellular photosynthetic organisms with the ability to handle immediate industrial and agricultural challenges. The tremendous organic variety of microalgae may be leveraged to supply a large quantity of natural or genetically modified precious biomolecules. Microalgae moreover own a fixed of intrinsic advantages, along with low manufacturing costs, very little requirement for arable land, and fast cultivation capacity in both outside structure and with fully controlled photobioreactors. Microalgae have a sizable capacity to transform atmospheric carbon dioxide to valuable commodities such as lipids, carbohydrates, and other biologically active metabolites. The present review describes the potential use of microalgae for agricultural applications, human nutrition, animal nutrition and aqua cultures.

Keywords: Microalgae; Agriculture; Human Nutrition; Animal Nutrition; Aqua Culture

References

  1. Chai Wai Siong., et al. “Multifaceted roles of microalgae in the application of wastewater biotreatment: A review”. Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex: 1987) 269 (2021): 116236.
  2. Saadaoui Imen., et al. “Microalgal-based feed: promising alternative feedstocks for livestock and poultry production”. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology1 (2021): 76.
  3. Camacho Franciele., et al. “Potential Industrial Applications and Commercialization of Microalgae in the Functional Food and Feed Industries: A Short Review”. Marine Drugs6 (2019): 312.
  4. Xiong Jiu-Qiang., et al. “Can Microalgae Remove Pharmaceutical Contaminants from Water?”. Trends in Biotechnology1 (2018): 30-44.
  5. Batista Ana Paula., et al. "Microalgae biomass as an alternative ingredient in cookies: Sensory, physical and chemical properties, antioxidant activity and in vitro digestibility”. Algal Research26 (2017): 161-171.
  6. Raposo Maria Filomena de Jesus., et al. “Bioactivity and applications of sulphated polysaccharides from marine microalgae”. Marine Drugs1 (2013): 233-252.
  7. Gupta Sneh., et al. "Prebiotic efficiency of blue green algae on probiotics microorganisms”. Journal of Microbiology and Experimentation4 (2017): 4-7.
  8. Chen Jun., et al. "Microalgal industry in China: challenges and prospects”. Journal of Applied Phycology2 (2016): 715-725.
  9. Hussian Abd. "The Role of Microalgae in Renewable Energy Production: Challenges and Opportunities". Marine Ecology - Biotic and Abiotic Interactions, edited by Muhammet Türkoğlu, Umur Önal, Ali Ismen, IntechOpen (2018).
  10. Yakhin Oleg I., et al. “Biostimulants in Plant Science: A Global Perspective”. Frontiers in Plant Science 7 (2017): 2049.
  11. Brennan Liam and Philip Owende. "Biofuels from microalgae—a review of technologies for production, processing, and extractions of biofuels and co-products”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews2 (2010): 557-577.
  12. Wang Chun., et al. “The Active Phytohormone in Microalgae: The Characteristics, Efficient Detection, and Their Adversity Resistance Applications”. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)1 (2021): 46.
  13. Grzesik Mieczyslaw and Zdzislawa Romanowska-Duda. "Improvements in germination, growth, and metabolic activity of corn seedlings by grain conditioning and root application with cyanobacteria and microalgae”. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies4 (2014): 1147-1153.
  14. Aly MS and Mona A Esawy. "Evaluation of Spirulina platensis as bio stimulator for organic farming systems”. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology2 (2008): 1-7.
  15. Hayashi T., et al. “Calcium spirulan, an inhibitor of enveloped virus replication, from a blue-green alga Spirulina platensis”. Journal of Natural Products1 (1996): 83-7.
  16. He Mengchang., et al. “The chemical, toxicological and ecological studies in assessing the heavy metal pollution in Le An River, China”. Water Research2 (1998): 510-518.
  17. Suresh Kumar K., et al. “Microalgae - A promising tool for heavy metal remediation”. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 113 (2015): 329-352.
  18. Mehta S K and J P Gaur. “Use of algae for removing heavy metal ions from wastewater: progress and prospects”. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology3 (2005): 113-152.
  19. Calvo Pamela., et al. “Agricultural uses of plant biostimulants”. Plant and Soil1 (2014): 3-41.
  20. Kowalczyk., et al. “Effect of Aminoplant and Asahi on yield and quality of lettuce grown on rockwool”. Conf. of Biostimulators in Modern Agriculture (2008).
  21. Farid Rachidi., et al. “Effect of Microalgae Polysaccharides on Biochemical and Metabolomics Pathways Related to Plant Defense in Solanum lycopersicum”. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology1 (2019): 225-240.
  22. Belkhadir Youssef., et al. “The growth-defense pivot: crisis management in plants mediated by LRR-RK surface receptors”. Trends in Biochemical Sciences10 (2014): 447-456.
  23. Karthikeyan S., et al. “Evaluation of the marine algae Ulva fasciata and Sargassum sp. for the biosorption of Cu (II) from aqueous solutions”. Bioresource Technology2 (2007): 452-455.
  24. Lu Yandu and Jian Xu. “Phytohormones in microalgae: a new opportunity for microalgal biotechnology?”. Trends in Plant Science 20,5 (2015): 273-282.
  25. Ronga D., et al. “Microalgal Biostimulants and Biofertilisers in Crop Productions”. Agronomy4 (2019): 192.
  26. Hur Sung Bum., et al. "KMMCC-Korea marine microalgae culture center: list of strains”. Algae30 (2015): 1-188.
  27. Pulz O., et al. "IGV GmbH experience report, industrial production of microalgae under controlled conditions: innovative prospects”. Handbook of microalgal Culture: Applied Phycology and Biotechnology (2013): 445-460.
  28. Abu Zaid AA., et al. “Antioxidant and anticancer activity of Spirulina platensis water extracts”. International Journal of Pharmacology 11 (2011): 846-851.
  29. Liu J and Hu Q. “Chlorella: Industrial production of cell mass and chemicals”. In: Richmond A., Hu Q., editors. Handbook of Microalgal Culture: Applied Phycology and Biotechnology.Wiley; Oxford, UK: (2013): 327-338.
  30. Medina-Jaritz NB., et al. “Antibacterial activity of methanolic extracts from Dunaliella salinaand Chlorella vulgaris”. FASEB Journal 27 (2013): 1167-1175.
  31. Van Krimpen MM., et al. “Cultivation, processing and nutritional aspects for pigs and poultry of European protein sources as alternatives for imported soybean products”. No. 662. Wageningen UR Livestock Research, (2013).
  32. Leahy Eimear., et al. “An estimate of the number of vegetarians in the world”. No. 340. ESRI working paper, (2010): 1-44.
  33. Singh J and Gu S. “Commercialization potential of microalgae for biofuels production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 14 (2010): 2596-2610.
  34. Kulshreshtha Archana., et al. “Spirulina in health care management”. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology5 (2008): 400-405.
  35. Costa Jorge Alberto Vieira., et al. “Simultaneous cultivation of Spirulina platensis and the toxigenic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa”. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of Biosciences1-2 (2006): 105-110.
  36. Holman B., et al. “Growth and body conformation responses of genetically divergent Australian sheep to Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) supplementation”. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture 2 (2012): 160-173.
  37. Stamey J A., et al. “Use of algae or algal oil rich in n-3 fatty acids as a feed supplement for dairy cattle”. Journal of Dairy Science9 (2012): 5269-5275.
  38. Altomonte I., et al. “Use of microalgae in ruminant nutrition and implications on milk quality–a review”. Livestock Science 214 (2018): 25-35.
  39. Madeira MS., et al. “Microalgae as feed ingredients for livestock production and meat quality: a review”. Livestock Science 215 (2017): 111-121.
  40. Dewi Intan C., et al. "Anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties in microalgae”. Microalgae in Health and Disease Prevention. Academic Press (2018). 235-261.
  41. Camacho Franciele., et al. “Potential Industrial Applications and Commercialization of Microalgae in the Functional Food and Feed Industries: A Short Review”. Marine Drugs6 (2019): 312.
  42. Verschuere L., et al. “Probiotic bacteria as biological control agents in aquaculture”. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 4 (2000): 655-671.
  43. Tibbetts Sean. "The Potential for ‘Next-Generation’, Microalgae-Based Feed Ingredients for Salmonid Aquaculture in Context of the Blue Revolution". Microalgal Biotechnology, edited by Eduardo Jacob-Lopes, Leila Zepka, Maria Queiroz, Intech Open, (2018).
  44. Navarro Francisco., et al. “Microalgae as a safe food source for animals: nutritional characteristics of the acidophilic microalga Coccomyxa onubensis”. Food and Nutrition Research60 (2016): 30472.
  45. Barkia Ines., et al. “Microalgae for High-Value Products Towards Human Health and Nutrition”. Marine Drugs5 (2019): 304.
  46. Anemaet Ida G., et al. “Algal photosynthesis as the primary driver for a sustainable development in energy, feed, and food production”. Marine Biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)6 (2010): 619-629.
  47. Graham Linda E, et al. “Algae”. San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings, (2009).
  48. Pulz Otto and Wolfgang Gross. “Valuable products from biotechnology of microalgae”. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology6 (2004): 635-648.
  49. Harun R., et al. “Bioprocess engineering of microalgae to produce a variety of consumer products”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review 14 (2010): 1037-1047.
  50. Keithly J I., et al. “Thermogenesis, blood metabolites and hormones, and growth of lambs born to ewes supplemented with algae-derived docosahexaenoic acid”. Journal of Animal Science12 (2011): 4305-4313.

Citation

Citation: Ronak Chhaya and Debabrata Sarkar. “Microalgae and its Potential to Touch Everyone’s Life". Acta Scientific Microbiology 5.10 (2022): 05-11.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Ronak Chhaya and Debabrata Sarkar. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




Metrics

Acceptance rate30%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days

Indexed In






News and Events


  • Certification for Review
    Acta Scientific certifies the Editors/reviewers for their review done towards the assigned articles of the respective journals.
  • Submission Timeline for Upcoming Issue
    The last date for submission of articles for regular Issues is July 10, 2024.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be issued a "Publication Certificate" as a mark of appreciation for publishing their work.
  • Best Article of the Issue
    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"
  • Welcoming Article Submission
    Acta Scientific delightfully welcomes active researchers for submission of articles towards the upcoming issue of respective journals.

Contact US