Acta Scientific Microbiology (ISSN: 2581-3226)

Research Article Volume 5 Issue 5

Bacteriological Quality of Bottled Water and Water from Dispensers Distributed in the School of Bioanalysis and Department of Mental Health of the University of Carabobo

Noja Izzeddin1,3*, Pérez Jorvin2, Pineda Yanze2 and Luis Medina1

1Center for Applied Microbiological Research of the University of Carabobo, Venezuela

2School of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Carabobo, Venezuela

3Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Carabobo, Venezuela

*Corresponding Author: Noja Izzeddin, Center for Applied Microbiological Research of the University of Carabobo, Venezuela.

Received: March 07, 2022 Published: April 07, 2022

Abstract

The purpose of the study to determine the bacteriological quality of the bottled water consumed by students and workers of Bioanalysis and Department of Mental Health, and the water placed in the dispensers, is to compare the bacterial quality before and after the water is placed in the dispenser. To this end, mesophilic aerobes were determined by the plate pouring technique, total coliforms, heat-resistant coliforms, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the membrane filtration. We randomly selected 11 sealed bottles and 11 samples from the dispensers. The mesophiles aerobic load in all the samples of drinking water showed a higher growth than that established by the Official Gazette (GO) of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela No. 36,395; for total and heat-resistant coliforms 27% and 36% respectively of the samples do not meet the criteria established in the Venezuelan standard COVENIN Nº 1431-82 and in the GO Nº 36,395; It also occurs with the results obtained for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, where it is observed that 91% of the samples do not meet these requirements. In none of the analyzed samples was the presence of Escherichia coli observed. The water samples from the dispenser showed a significant increase in microorganisms compared to water in the sealed bottles, which allows us to conclude that the dispensers represent a source of contamination for bottled water.

Keywords: Quality; Contamination; Indicators; Bottled Water

References

  1. Adams J., et al. “Water, sanitation and hygiene standards for schools in resource-poor settings”. World Health Organization (2010).
  2. Valenzuela E., et al. “Mechrobiological quality of the water of an agricultural-livestock area of south-central Chile and its possible implication on human health”. Revista Chilena de Infectología 6 (2012): 1-7.
  3. World Health Organization. “Guidelines for the quality of drinking water” (2006).
  4. Attorney General's Office. Official Gazette of the Republic of Venezuela No. 36.395: Ministry of Health and Social Assistance (1998).
  5. Rivas L. V Colloquium of technologies applied to information services: tele information and society. Analysis of the COVENIN ISO-9004-2 standard and its application to information services as a quality certification instrument. Barquisimeto Venezuela (2000).
  6. Rosales H., et al. “Servicio Autónomo Nacional de Normalización, Calidad, Metrotrología y Reglamentos técnicos SENCAMER”. Standards COVENIN 1431-82, Bottled drinking water Requirements. Venezuela (1982).
  7. Attorney General's Office. Official Gazette of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela No. 38,763 Law on the Partial Reform of the Organic Law for the Provision of Drinking Water and Sanitation Services (2007).
  8. “Hydrological Venezuela HIDROVEN”. Ministry of People's Power for the Environment (1990).
  9. Escalona L., et al. “Description and characterization of the drinking water sector in Venezuela”. Rev Ven Economi Soc 18 (2009): 1-23.
  10. Giménez L and Sucre R. “Preserving agua preserves life”. They're Cien19 (2014): 1-33.
  11. Izaguirre J and Sucre A. “Marketing mix for the launch of mineral water from the company Vista Hermosa, oriented to the mass consumption market of the municipality of Baruta, Caracas” (2012).
  12. Díaz J., et al. “Is bottled water suitable for our consumption?” Academy11 (2007): 2-12.
  13. Iriarte M and Gómez A. “Potability of water for domestic use in the state of Nueva Esparta, Venezuela”. Revista INHRR 2 (2008): 1-12.
  14. Center for Energetic, Environmental and Technological Research (Ciemat) Water Microbiology. Basics. Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness. Government of Spain (2001).
  15. Villegas M., et al. “Identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the Most Probable Number method”. Revista Peruana de Epidemiología2 (2011): 1-5.
  16. Castrillón L., et al. “Importance of biofilms in medical practice”. Dermatología Revista mexicana 1 (2010): 14-24.
  17. Martin R. “Physicochemistry and microbiology of aquatic environments”. Water treatment and quality control. Spain (2003).
  18. Iriarte M. “Bacteriological quality of bottled waters marketed on Margarita Island, Venezuela”. Multi Hundred1 (2013): 16-22.
  19. “Microbiological quality of drinking water packaged in bags and bottles sold in the city of Maracaibo, Zulia state-Venezuela”. Multi Hundred1 (2013): 1-15.
  20. Vidal D., et al. “Evaluation of the microbiological quality of the bottled water produced in Sincelejo – Colombia”. Revista MVZ Córdoba 2 (2009): 1736-1744.
  21. Benítez B., et al. “Microbiological quality of drinking water packaged in bags and bottles sold in the city of Maracaibo, Zulia state-Venezuela”. Multi Hundred1 (2013): 16-22.
  22. Rojas T., et al. “Biofilm formation and antimicrobial susceptibility among coliforms isolated in bottled drinking water in Carabobo, Venezuela”. Boletín de Malariología y Salud Ambiental 1 (2012): 87-97.
  23. Campo N., et al. “Contamination in chillers and water containers”. Mexico (2003).
  24. Silva J., et al. “Determination of microorganisms indicators of sanitary quality. Total coliforms, fecal coliforms and mesophilic aerobes in bottled and distributed drinking water in San Diego, Carabobo state, Venezuela”. Revista de la Sociedad Venezolana de Microbiología 1-2 (2004).
  25. Rodríguez M. “Endangers the health of the people of Caracas due to high contamination of drinking water”. The universal. (2014).
  26. SENCAMER: National Autonomous Service of Standardization, Quality, Metrology and Technical Regulations. Covenin 2614 standards, Drinking water, sampling. Venezuela (1994).
  27. Clesceri L and Greenberg A. “Standardized methods for the analysis of drinking water and wastewater”. Edition 17. Madrid Spain: Ediciones Díaz de Santos, S.A (1992).
  28. Garcia V. “Introduction to Microbiology”. 2nd Costa Rica: EUNED (2004).
  29. Nore A and Sanchez P. “Comparative study in quick counting techniques on the market and 3M Petrifilm plates for food analysis”. Bogota (2008).
  30. Martínez T and Pérez L. “Bacteriological quality of commercially packaged drinking water”. Ciudad Bolívar (2010).
  31. Lujan D. “Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a dangerous adversary”. Acta Bioquímica Clínica Latinoamericana 4 (2014): 465-474.
  32. Letarte R., et al. “Comparison of the Microbiological Quality of Water Coolers and That of Water Systems”. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 4 (2000): 1174-1178.
  33. Keller R., et al. “Occurrence of Virulence-Associated Properties in Enterobacter cloacae”. Infection and Immunity2 (2000): 645-649.
  34. “Virtual library of sustainable development and environmental health”. Pan American Health Organization. Enterobacter sakazakii (2004).

Citation

Citation: Noja Izzeddin., et al. “Bacteriological Quality of Bottled Water and Water from Dispensers Distributed in the School of Bioanalysis and Department of Mental Health of the University of Carabobo". Acta Scientific Microbiology 5.5 (2022): 22-30.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Noja Izzeddin., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




Metrics

Acceptance rate30%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days

Indexed In






News and Events


  • Certification for Review
    Acta Scientific certifies the Editors/reviewers for their review done towards the assigned articles of the respective journals.
  • Submission Timeline for Upcoming Issue
    The last date for submission of articles for regular Issues is November 25, 2024.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be issued a "Publication Certificate" as a mark of appreciation for publishing their work.
  • Best Article of the Issue
    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"
  • Welcoming Article Submission
    Acta Scientific delightfully welcomes active researchers for submission of articles towards the upcoming issue of respective journals.

Contact US