Behavior of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescents. Cuba. 2016-2020
Alba Cortes Alfaro1*, Dra Damarys Chacón O'farrill2 and Ramón Suarez Medina3
1First Degree Specialist in Gynecology, Second Degree Specialist in Gynecology, Second Degree Specialist in Integral General Medicine, Master's Degree in Comprehensive Care for Women, Assistant Professor, Policlinico Luis Augusto Turcios Lima, Mayabeque, Cuba
2Second Grade Specialist in School Hygiene, Master of Science, Assistant Researcher, Auxiliary, National Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology, Havana, Cuba
3Specialist of 1st Degree in Biostatistics, Professor and Researcher, Cuba
*Corresponding Author: Alba Cortes Alfaro, First Degree Specialist in Gynecology, Second Degree Specialist in Gynecology, Second Degree Specialist in Integral General Medicine, Master's Degree in Comprehensive Care for Women, Assistant Professor, Policlinico Luis Augusto Turcios Lima, Mayabeque, Cuba.
Received:
January 13, 2022; Published: March 16, 2022
Abstract
Introduction: Adolescence has traditionally been defined as the age of transit between childhood and adulthood (10 to 19 years of age). During this stage, the risk of sexually transmitted infections increases, affecting sexual and reproductive health. The problem of STIs is a global concern and Cuba does not escape this reality.
Method: Retrospective descriptive study of the total number of cases of adolescents diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections in Cuba in the period from 2016 to 2020. The information was obtained from the statistical information system of the Ministry of Public Health.
Results: the total number of cases diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (syphilis, gonorrhea, condyloma acuminate and genital herpes) were 13,756 adolescents during the years analyzed. The female sex was the most affected in the infections studied except in gonorrhea infection. A decrease in the incidence of cases was observed in the years studied.
Conclusions: Tendency to decrease infection by Syphilis, Condyloma Acuminate, Gonorrhea and Genital Herpes Simplex in adolescents in Cuba in the period 2016-2020. The female sex was the most affected for these infections studied.
Keywords: Adolescence; Sexually Transmitted Infections
References
- Cruz Sánchez F., et al. “Childcare in adolescence”. Havana: Ministry of Public Health (2014): 15.16.
- Cruz Sánchez F., et al. “Adolescencia”. Pediatrics, Havana: Medical Sciences (2011).
- Guerrero Borrego N and Pérez Enríquez M. “Integral Education of sexuality in childhood, adolescence and youth. Conceptual approach”. In Guerrero Borrego N. Reflections and views on sexuality in childhood, adolescence and youth. Havana: CENESEX (2016): 21.
- Rodríguez Alonso B., et al. “Health promotion and self-care”. In: La puericultura en la adolescencia. Ministry of Public Health. Havana (2014): 152-153.
- Sam Soto S., et al. “Sexual behavior and contraception in adolescence”. Acta Pediátrica de México6 (2014): 490-498.
- Santillano Cardenas I. “Comprehensive sexuality education in childhood, adolescence and youth. Conceptual approach”. In Guerrero Borrego N. Reflections and views on sexuality in childhood, adolescence and youth. Havana: CENESEX (2016): 45.
- Morales Ojeda R. “Universal health coverage”. Cuban experience (2015).
- Cutiè E. “Sexually transmitted infections”. Obstetrics and gynecology. Havana: Medical Sciences (2004).
- Poisons AW., et al. “Manual for the Control of Communicable Diseases”. 16ed. Washington, DC: PAHO/WHO, 2015 (Scientific Publication No.564) (2015).
- “Sexually transmitted infections”. Fact sheet 110 (2016).
- UNAIDS WHO. “Situation of the AIDS epidemic”. AIDS in numbers (2015).
- World Health Organization. “Sexually Transmitted Infections”. USA (2016).
- Statistical Health Yearbook. “Ministry of Public Health”. Cuba (2019).
- “National Strategic Plan for the prevention and control of STIs, HIV and hepatitis. 2019-2023”. Collective of authors. Ministry of Public Health of Cuba. Havana. Cuba (2019).
- Barber Fuks L. “Sexual abuse of children in the family. Current lines of research. In sexual abuse in childhood”. Compilation by Volnovich J R. Editorial CENESEX. Havana. (2016).
- United Nations. Human Rights Indicators. Guide to Measurement and Application. (2012).
- Peñate Leiva A I., et al. “Cuban adolescents and young people in the areas of family and couple. Systematization of an experience. 2015 – 2019”. Editorial Centro de Estudios Sobre la Juventud, (2020).
- López Sánchez F. “Child abuse and sexual abuse. New way of raising the issue”. In sexual abuse in childhood. Compilation by Volnovich J R. Editorial CENESEX. Havana (2016).
- World Health Organization. “Sexually transmitted infections”. Fact sheet No. 110 (2016).
- “Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Prevention gap report”. Geneva: UNAIDS; (2016).
- OIJ and others. “Youth and Development: New Challenges with the Youth of Ibero-America” (2008).
- “Adolescents from Latin America and the Caribbean speak out against HIV Conclusion of the 1st meeting of Latin America and the Caribbean of Adolescents”. (2019).
- Portillos Cárdenas R. “Psychological treatment of child victims of sexual abuse”. Malaga: Centre (2005).
- “Secondary victimization during the investigation phase of the legal-criminal process in sexually abused adolescents”. Legal and victimological presuppositions for its limitation. Vazquez Seijido. Rev sexology and Society. Editorial CENESEX. 54 (2016).
- Hernández Pita I. “Gender Violence”. A look from sociology. Scientific-Technical Editorial. Havana. (2014).
- “Sexuality Education Program with a Gender and Sexual Rights Approach in the national education system”. Ministerial Resolution No.16/2021. Ministry of Education, Havana (2021).
- Rodríguez Romero E M., et al. “Sexuality and Adolescence”. Journal of Review on Electron2 (2018).
- González Puerto Y., et al. “The school: a link in health promotion on the HIV epidemic”. Conrado Magazine48 42-47.
- National Maternal and Child Care Program. Ministry of Public Health. Health Portal of Cuba (1999).
- Ministry of Public Health. National Program. Methodological Manual. Work on the Prevention of STIs/HIV/AIDS. Havana: National Center for the Prevention of STIs/HIV/AIDS. MINSAP (2009).
- Cortés Alfaro A., et al. “Methodology for the prevention of STIs-HIV/AIDS in adolescents and young people”. National Center for STI/HIV/AIDS Prevention. Editorial Lazo Adentro. Havana (2006).
- Escuelas Promotoras de la Salud. “The Central American Experience”.
- “Draft outcome document of the United Nations summit for the adoption of the post-2015 development agenda”. PAHO/WHO.
- Casanova Fabelo L and EstevezGarcia KR. “Cuba in the post-2015 educational agenda”. Rev Studio. 20 (2016): 28-40.
- “Guidelines of the economic and social policy of the Party and the Revolution for the period 2016-2021”. Approved at the 7th Party Congress and by the National Assembly of People's Power in July 2016. VI Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba. April 18, (2011): 18-25.
Citation
Copyright