Acta Scientific Microbiology (ASMI) (ISSN: 2581-3226)

Research Article Volume 3 Issue 7

Experimental Evidence for Neural Progenitor Cells in Adult Substantia Nigra

Opeyemi Oluwasanmi Adeloye1*, Oyeneyin Babatunde David2, Samuel Olawuwo3 and Roseline Kehinde Adeloye4

1Rosad Neurodegenerative Disease Research Institute, University of Medical Science Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
2University of Medical Science Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
3University of Jos, Nigeria
4Rosad Neurodegenerative Disease Research Institute, Jos, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: Opeyemi Oluwasanmi Adeloye, Rosad Neurodegenerative Disease Research Institute, University of Medical Science Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria.

Received: June 22, 2020; Published: June 30, 2020

×

Abstract

   The substantia (“black substance” in Latin) is a long nucleus located in the midbrain but considered functionally a part of the basal ganglia because of its reciprocal connections with other brainstem nucleic. Degeneration of the pars compacta of the substantia nigra result in reduction of the availability of the neurotransmitter dopamine. This lack of dopaminergic innervation to the stratum results in disorders associated with hypokinesia or reduced motor movement. However, Parkinson disease is a result of reduced functioning substantia nigra. A few studies have shown that progenitor cells present in different areas of the adult central nervous system (CNS) but specificity (i.e. SNc) whether such cells reside in the adult SNc and whether they have the potential to replace degenerating neurons effects is unknown. The purpose was to investigate a population of actively dividing progenitor cells in the adult SN, after removal from the SN, these progenitor cells immediately have the potential to differentiate into neurons. Transplantation of freshly isolated SN progenitor cells into the adult hippocampus showed that these cells also have a neuronal potential under in vivo conditions. These results suggest that progenitor cells reside in the adult SN and can give rise to new neurons when exposed to appropriate environmental signals.

Keywords: Parkinson's Disease, Neural Progenitor Cells, Cell Replacement, Gliogenesis, Transplantation, Substantia Nigra

×

References

  1. Bjorklund A and Lindvall O. “Cell replacement therapies for central nervous system disorders”. Nature Neuroscience 3 (2000): 537-544.
  2. Kobayashi M., et al. “Pediatric rhabdomyosarcomas express the intermediate filament nestin”. Pediatric Research 43 (1998): 386-392.
  3. Araque A., et al. “Dynamic signalling between astrocytes and neurons”. Annual Review of Physiology 63 (2001): 795-813.
  4. Kuhn HG., et al. “Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat: age-related decrease of neuronal progenitor proliferation”. The Journal of Neuroscience 16 (1996): 2027-2033.
  5. Kuhn HG., et al. “Epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor-2 have different effects on neural progenitors in the adult rat brain”. The Journal of Neuroscience 17 (1997): 5820-5829.
  6. Kay JN and Blum M. “Differential response of ventral midbrain and striatal progenitor cells to lesions of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic projection”. Neuroscience 22 (2000): 56-67.
  7. Cameron HA and McKay RD. “Adult neurogenesis produces a large pool of new granule cells in the dentate gyrus”. The Journal of Comparative Neurology 435 (2001): 406-417.
  8. Doetsch F., et al. “Subventricular zone astrocytes are neural stem cells in the adult mammalian brain”. Cell 97 (1999): 703-716.
  9. Johansson CB., et al. “Identification of a neural stem cell in the adult mammalian central nervous system”. Cell 96 (1999): 25-34.
  10. Lendahl U., et al. “CNS stem cells express a new class of intermediate filament protein”. Cell 60 (1990): 585-595.
  11. Gensert JM., et al. “Heterogeneity of cycling glial progenitors in the adult mammalian cortex and white matter”. Journal of Neurobiology 48 (2001): 75-86.
  12. Lim DA., et al. “Noggin antagonizes BMP signaling to create a niche for adult neurogenesis”. Neuron 28 (2000): 713-726.
  13. Altman J and Das GD. “Autoradiographic and histological evidence of postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in rats”. The Journal of Comparative Neurology 124 (1965): 319-335.
  14. Bayer SA. “Changes in the total number of dentate granule cells in juvenile and adult rats: a correlated volumetric and 3H-thymidine autoradiographic study”. Experimental Brain Research 46 (1982): 315-323.
  15. Dunnett SB., et al. “Cell therapy in Parkinson's disease - stop or go?” Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2 (2001): 365-369.
  16. Freed CR., et al. “Transplantation of embryonic dopamine neurons for severe Parkinson's disease”. The New England Journal of Medicine 344 (2001): 710-719.
  17. Gage FH., et al. “Survival and differentiation of adult neuronal progenitor cells transplanted to the adult brain”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 92 (1995): 11879-11883.
  18. Horner PJ., et al. “Proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells throughout the intact adult rat spinal cord”. The Journal of Neuroscience 20 (2000): 2218-2228.
  19. Kaplan MS and Bell DH. “Mitotic neuroblasts in the 9-day-old and 11-month-old rodent hippocampus”. The Journal of Neuroscience 4 (1984): 1429-1441.
  20. Keirstead HS., et al. “Response of the oligodendrocyte progenitor cell population (defined by NG2 labelling) to demyelination of the adult spinal cord”. Glia 22 (1998): 161-170.
  21. Kondo T and Raff M. “Oligodendrocyte precursor cells reprogrammed to become multipotential CNS stem cells”. Science 289 (2000): 1754-1757.
  22. Kornack DR and Rakic P. “Cell proliferation without neurogenesis in adult primate neocortex”. Science 294 (2001): 2127-2130.
  23. Laywell ED., et al. “Identification of a multipotent astrocytic stem cell in the immature and adult mouse brain”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97 (2000): 13883-13888.
  24. Leavitt BR., et al. “Mature astrocytes transform into transitional radial glia within adult mouse neocortex that supports directed migration of transplanted immature neurons”. Experimental Neurology 157 (1999): 43-57.
  25. Lee JC., et al. “Gliogenesis in the central nervous system”. Glia 30 (2000): 105-121.
  26. Lee SM., et al. “Evidence that FGF8 signalling from the midbrain-hindbrain junction regulates growth and polarity in the developing midbrain”. Development 1997 124 (1997): 959-969.
  27. Levine JM and Stallcup WB. “Plasticity of developing cerebellar cells in vitro studied with antibodies against the NG2 antigen”. The Journal of Neuroscience 7 (1987): 2721-2731.
  28. Levison SW and Goldman JE. “Both oligodendrocytes and astrocytes develop from progenitors in the subventricular zone of postnatal rat forebrain”. Neuron 10 (1993): 201-221.
  29. Lindvall O and Hagell P. “Clinical observations after neural transplantation in Parkinson's disease”. Progress in Brain Research 127 (2000): 299-320.
  30. Ling ZD., et al. “Differentiation of mesencephalic progenitor cells into dopaminergic neurons by cytokines”. Experimental Neurology 149 (1998): 411-423.
  31. Lois C and Alvarez-Buylla A. “Proliferating subventricular zone cells in the adult mammalian forebrain can differentiate into neurons and glia”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 90 (1993): 2074-2077.
  32. Luskin MB. “Restricted proliferation and migration of postnatally generated neurons derived from the forebrain subventricular zone”. Neuron.
  33. Magavi SS., et al. “Induction of neurogenesis in the neocortex of adult”.
×

Citation

Citation: Opeyemi Oluwasanmi Adeloye., et al. “Experimental Evidence for Neural Progenitor Cells in Adult Substantia Nigra". Acta Scientific Microbiology 3.7 (2020): 89-97.




Metrics

Acceptance rate30%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days

Indexed In






News and Events


  • Certification for Review
    Acta Scientific certifies the Editors/reviewers for their review done towards the assigned articles of the respective journals.
  • Submission Timeline for Upcoming Issue
    The last date for submission of articles for regular Issues is December 25, 2024.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be issued a "Publication Certificate" as a mark of appreciation for publishing their work.
  • Best Article of the Issue
    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"

Contact US