Abstract

Introduction: Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of blood stream infections can make the difference between life and death. It would reduce mortality from septicaemia, reduce turn around time and improve patient management. This study aims at the microbiological characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of BSI in intensive care units.

Materials and Methods: A total of 670 blood samples received in the bacteriology laboratory 112 samples showed culture positivity.

Results: Coagulase negative Staphylococcus, represent the most commonly isolated organisms. Among the gram negative organisms Pseudomonas species, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and Enterococcus species were commonly isolated.

Conclusion: Bacteriological etiology of sepsis along with the antibiogram of septicemic isolates provide necessary information for the formulation of antibiotic policy in effective management of such cases in intensive care units.

Keywords: BSI; Antimicrobial Susceptibility; Bacteremia; ICU

References

1. Kuppermann N. “Occult bacteremia in young febrile children”. Pediatric Clinics of North America 6 (1999): 1073-1110.
2. Bryan C. “Clinical implication if Positive blood culture”. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 4 (1989): 329-353.
3. Ammerlaan H., et al. “Secular trends in nosocomial bloodstream infections: antibiotic-resistant bacteria increase the total burden of infection”. Clinical Infectious Diseases 6 (2013): 798-805.
4. Magiorakos AP., et al. “Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance”. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 3 (2012): 268-281.
5. Montero JG., et al. “Combatting resistance in intensive care: the multimodal approach of the Spanish ICU “Zero Resistance” program”. Critical Care 19 (2015): 114.
6. Cortegiani A., et al. “Use of Cepheid Xpert Carba-R^® for rapid detection of carbapenemase- producing bacteria in critically ill, abdominal surgical patients: first report of an observational study”. Critical Care 1 (2015): 108.
7. Timsit JF and Laupland KB. “Update on bloodstream infections in ICUs”. Current Opinion in Critical Care 5 (2012): 479-486.
8. Carlet J., et al. “Society’s failure to protect a precious resource: antibiotics”. Lancet9788 (2011): 369-371.
9. Pronovost P., et al. “An intervention to decrease catheter-related bloodstream infections in the ICU”. The New England Journal of Medicine 26 (2006): 2725-2732.
10. Berenholtz SM., et al. “Eliminating catheter-related bloodstream infections in the intensive care unit”. Critical Care Medicine 10 (2004): 2014-2020.
11. Fridkin SK., et al. “The role of understaffing in central venous catheter- associated bloodstream infection”. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 3 (1996): 150-158.
12. Ben-David D., et al. “Outcome of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections”. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 1 (2012): 54-60.
13. Panceri M., et al. “An etiology and prognosis of bacteremia in Italy”. Epidemiology and Infection 4 (2004): 647-654.
14. G Schonheyder H Sorensen. “Source of infection and other factors associated with case fatality in community acquired bacteremia – a Danish population based cohort study from 1992-1997”. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 8 (2003) :793-802.
15. Ali H., et al. “Etiological agents of bacteremia among newbporns in Hilla city”. Medical Journal of Babylon 4 (2008): 385-394.
16. Vincenzo Russotto., et al. “Bloodstream infections in intensive care unit patients: distribution and antibiotic resistance of bacteria”. Infection and Drug Resistance 8 (2015): 287-296.
17. David K Warren., et al. “Nosocomial Primary Bloodstream Infections in Intensive Care Unit Patients in a Non teaching Community Medical Center: A 21-Month Prospective Study”. Clinical Infectious Diseases8 (2001): 1329-1335.
18. Valles J., et al. “Nosocomial bacteremia in critically ill patients: a multicenter study evaluating epidemiology and prognosis”. Clinical Infectious Diseases 24 (1997): 387-395.
19. Kang CI., et al. “Bloodstream infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: risk factors for mortality and impact of inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy on outcome”. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy2 (2005): 760-766.
20. I Roy., et al. “Bacteriology of neonatal septicaemia in a tertiary care hospital of northern India”. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology3 (2002): 156-159.

Citation

Citation: Mariyah Yousuf., et al. “Blood Stream Infections in Intensive Care Units and its Antibiogram". Acta Scientific Microbiology 3.6 (2020): 158-163.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Mariyah Yousuf., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.