Nada Mahmoud Salem Soliman¹*, Nevine Hassan Kheir El Din², Hadeel Gamal Salem Al Malahy³, Nashwa El-Khazragy⁴

¹BDS 2017, Faculty of Dentistry, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
²Professor of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
³Lecturer of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
⁴Assistant Professor of Clinical Pathology/Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt

*Corresponding Author: Nada Mahmoud Salem Soliman, BDS 2017, Faculty of Dentistry, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt.

Received: June 15, 2026; Published: July 02, 2026

Objective: Non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) is considered the gold standard for the treatment of periodontitis; however, its effectiveness may be limited by the inability to completely eliminate pathogenic microorganisms from deep periodontal pockets and complex root surfaces. As a result, residual bacteria may persist and contribute to disease progression. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has emerged as a promising alternative adjunctive approach. aPDT utilizes a photosensitizer activated by a specific wavelength of light in the presence of oxygen to generate reactive oxygen species that destroy microbial cells. Indocyanine green (ICG), a near-infrared photosensitizer approved for clinical use, has demonstrated both photodynamic and photothermal antimicrobial effects. Nevertheless, the efficacy of free ICG is limited by poor penetration through bacterial membranes, rapid clearance, and restricted diffusion through biofilms. To address these limitations, nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles have been developed to improve photosensitizer stability, retention, and targeted delivery. This mini-review aims to summarize the current evidence regarding polymeric nanoparticles, particularly poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), as carriers for photosensitizers in periodontal PDT.

 Keywords: NSPT; Periodontitis; Photodynamic Therapy; PDT; Indocyanine Green; PLGA; Photosensitizer

Abbreviations: NSPT: Non Surgical Periodontal Therapy; ICG: Indocynaine Green; PLGA: Polylactic Co Glycolic Acid Nanoparticles; PDT: Photodynamic Therapy.

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Citation

Citation: Nada Mahmoud Salem Soliman.,et al. “Polymeric Nanoparticle-Loaded Indocyanine Green for Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Peri- odontitis: A Mini-Review". Acta Scientific Dental Sciences 10.7 (2026): 61-65.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2026 Nada Mahmoud Salem Soliman.,et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.