Chetan Vinay Deshmukh¹, Arun Suresh Dodamani², Vibhuti Dilip Mistry³*, Mayuri Bhikaji Nepale⁴, Snehal Sakharam Patil⁵ and Shivani Sanjay Ahirrao⁶

¹Assistant Professor, Public Health Dentistry, Nair Hospital Dental College, Scholar, Public Health Dentistry, JMF’s ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
²Principal, Professor and Head and Ph.D. Guide, Public Health Dentistry, JMF’s ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
³Assistant Professor, Periodontology and Oral Implantology, JMF’s ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
⁴Regional Medical Advisor, Gasteroenterology, Abbot India Ltd, India
⁵Assistant Professor, Public Health Dentistry, Rural Dental College, Pravara Insitute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Loni, India
⁶Postgraduate Student, Public Health Dentistry, JMF’s ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India

*Corresponding Author: Vibhuti Dilip Mistry, Assistant Professor, Periodontology and Oral Implantology, JMF’s ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India.

Received: May 26, 2025; Published: June 10, 2025

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2, has been increasingly associated with a heightened risk of various cancers, including Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Aim: This review aims to elucidate the biological mechanisms connecting Diabetes Mellitus to Oral Carcinogenesis.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed and SCOPUS, etc. focusing on studies published in the last decade that explore the interplay between diabetes and oral cancer.

Key Findings: The review identifies several interrelated mechanisms by which diabetes may contribute to oral cancer development, including hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress, insulin resistance and IGF pathway activation, chronic inflammation, immune dysfunction, enhanced angiogenesis, and alterations in the oral microbiome.

Conclusion: Understanding these mechanisms underscores the importance of integrated management approaches for patients with diabetes to potentially mitigate oral cancer risk.

Keywords:Diabetes Mellitus; Oral Cancer; Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs); Insulin Resistance; Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) Pathway; Carcinogenesis

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Citation

Citation: Vibhuti Dilip Mistry., et al. “Biological Mechanisms Linking Diabetes Mellitus and Oral Carcinogenesis: A Review". Acta Scientific Dental Sciences 9.7 (2025): 09-14.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 Vibhuti Dilip Mistry., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.