Geetanjeli Sheogobind¹*, Shakeya Mundey², Al-Yaman T. Ahmad³, Azghar Akbari³, Kwadwo Brenya³, Sharon George³, Pallavi Goel³, Hamza Ilyas³, Raymond Johnson², Archana Kumar³, Jahnavi Kyla³, Sheily Jain³, Phyllis Lallier³, Nada Mohammad³, Samim Mohammadi³, Omar Mushtaq³, Jachike Ndubuisi³, Eberechukwu Nwade³, Ifeanyichukwu Nwade³, Madhuri Uppuluri³ and Abiola-Olujare Lawal⁴

¹Howard University College of Dentistry, Comprehensive Care Division, Restorative Department, USA
²Howard University College of Dentistry, Oral Radiology and Diagnosis Department, USA
³Howard University College of Dentistry, USA
⁴Case Western Reserve University, Advanced Education in General Dentistry Program, USA

*Corresponding Author: Geetanjeli Sheogobind, Howard University College of Dentistry, Comprehensive Care Division, Restorative Department, USA.

Received: February 10, 2025; Published: February 25, 2025

Abstract

Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at special risk for oral health problems and when left untreated disease progression can be dramatic. Some of the most common oral manifestations for people with HIV are the following chronic oral diseases: gingivitis, periodontitis, canker sores, oral warts, fever blisters, oral candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, dental caries and in later stages, neoplasms. Oral presentations can have either asymptomatic or acute responses to HIV infection. Studies show that individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) tend to have less severe periodontal disease compared to those not on treatment, with lower levels of gum inflammation and bone loss. By controlling HIV replication, ART helps restore some immune function, allowing the body to better fight off the bacteria responsible for periodontal disease. This article explores the oral presentation of untreated HIV in a 46-year-old male, and how non-compliance with antiretroviral medications affect the prognosis and the treatment of advanced chronic periodontitis.

Keywords: Immunodeficiency Virus; Candidiasis; Chronic Periodontitis; ARTS

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Citation

Citation: Geetanjeli Sheogobind., et al. “The Role of Antiretroviral Therapy when Treating of the Periodontal Health of an HIV-Positive 46-Year-Old Male". Acta Scientific Dental Sciences 9.3 (2025): 48-53.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 Geetanjeli Sheogobind., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.