Nazmi Ara Rumi¹*, Md Aoulad Hosen¹, Tauhidur Islam¹, Md Khaled Hossain¹, Md Fakhruzzaman¹ and Md Shajedur Rahman²

¹Department of Microbiology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
²Department of Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

*Corresponding Author: Nazmi Ara Rumi, Department of Microbiology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

Received: December 01, 2022; Published: December 28, 2022

Abstract

The attachment of salivary bacteria initiates the formation of dental plaque to the acquired pellicle covering the tooth surface. This Research aimed to investigate the prevalence and antibiogram study of isolated bacteria from Tasmia dental care Saidpur, Bangladesh. In this study, we selected 200 patients (aged 20-60 years) to isolate desired isolates. 16S rRNA gene sequencing techniques were applied for molecular confirmation of isolated bacteria. 55.83% of patients exhibited molar caries, 27.5% between molar and premolar, 12.5% at the incisor, and 4.17% at the cervical border. Dental caries was (P < 0.001) prevalent in age groups 31-40 (82.86%), 41-50 (72.22%), and above 50 (34.29%), respectively. In contrast to patients from high- and middle-income households, those from low-income families had a considerably higher prevalence of dental caries (79.78%) (P < 0.001). Dental caries was observed to be substantially (P < 0.001) more prevalent among the illiterate (84.0%) than among the educated (25.0%) or the very worried (8.33%). Staphylococcus spp. (33.33%), E. coli (25.0%), Streptococcus spp. (20.0%), Acromobacter xylosoxidans (16.67%) and Pseudomonas spp. (5.0%) were the most often isolated bacteria. Acromobacter_ xylosoxidans_strain_LMG_1863 was identified with 144bp in this Research. A. xylosoxidans, and E. coli were resistant to over six antibiotics. At the same time, all Pseudomonas spp. were resistant except for Ciprofloxacin and colistin. Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. were also resistant to more than five antibiotic discs. Triclosan and fluoride-containing antibiotic-free toothpaste can be the best preventive methods for cavities.

Keywords: Antibiotics; Bacteria; Bangladesh; Dental Caries; Resistant

References

1. Anusavice KJ. “Dental caries: risk assessment and treatment solutions for an elderly population”. Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, NJ: 1995) 23.10 (2002): 12-20.
2. Kaste L., et al. “Coronal caries in the primary and permanent dentition of children and adolescents 1-17 years of age: United States, 1988-1991”. Journal of Dental Research 75 (1988): 631-41.
3. Karikalan S and Mohankumar DA. “Antibiogram of streptococcus mutans isolated from dental caries patients”. International Journal of Medical and Health Research3 (2016): 79-83.
4. Bowen HW. “Do we need to be concerned about dental caries in the coming millennium?” Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine2 (2002): 126-131.
5. Chandrabhan D., et al. “Isolation of Dental Caries Bacteria from Dental Plaque and Effect of Tooth Pastes on Acidogenic Bacteria”. Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2 (2012): 65-69.
6. Kutllovci T., et al. “Bacteriological Identification of Selected Pathogens in Infected Primary and Young Permanent Teeth Associated with Clinical Symptoms”. Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 5 (2015): 59-68.
7. Ahirwar SS., et al. “Screening, Isolation and Identification of Lactobacillus Species from Dental Caries of Children”. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science1 (2017): 497-503.
8. Becker MR., et al. “Molecular analysis of bacterial species associated with childhood caries”. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 40 (2002): 1001-1009.
9. Olorunjuwon OB., et al. “Antibiotic Sensitivity Profiles of Bacteria Isolated from Decayed Teeth”. Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy6 (2013): 424-428.
10. Dwivedi D., et al. “Antibiotic susceptibility pattern against pathogenic bacteria causing Dental Caries”. South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 1 (2011): 31‐35.
11. Munson MA., et al. “Molecular analysis of the microflora associated with dental caries”. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 42 (2004): 3023-3029.
12. Chhour KL., et al. “Molecular analysis of microbial diversity in advanced caries”. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 43 (2005): 843-849.
13. Jalal R., et al. “Isolation and Identification of some microbial causes for dental caries”. Tikrit Journal of Pure Science9 (2017): 26-29.
14. Merchant IA and Packer RA. “Veterinary bacteriology and virology”. 7^th edition, The Iowa University Press, Ames, IA. (1967): 286-306.
15. Cheesbrough M. “Laboratory manual for tropical countries”. Volume II. Microbiology. Tropical Health Technology, ELBS, London, UK, (2003): 214-20.
16. Rumi NA., et al. “Molecular characterization of Salmonella isolated from internal organs of dead turkey and its antimicrobial activity pattern”. Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research3 (2019): 219-225.
17. Kundu T., et al. “Isolation of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli from turkeys in Dinajpur, Bangladesh, and their antibiogram profile”. Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research1 (2021): 64.
18. Kumar S., et al. “MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets”. Molecular Biology and Evolution7 (2016): 1870-1874.
19. Saitou N and Nei M. “The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees”. Molecular Biology and Evolution4 (1987): 406-425.
20. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, formerly NCCLS) 2007: Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 17^th Informational Supplement document M100-S17: 1. Wayne, Pennsylvania (2007): 32-50.
21. Ciofu O., et al. “Respiratory bacterial infections in cystic fibrosis”. Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine 19 (2013): 251-258.
22. Barrado L., et al. “Molecular characterization of Achromobacter isolates from cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis patients in Madrid, Spain”. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 51 (2013): 1927-1930.
23. Okopi JAA., et al. Advances in Research6 (2015): 371-377.
24. Booty SC., et al. Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research2 (2015): 244-253.
25. Lukacs J and Largaespada L. “Explaining sex differences in dental caries prevalence: Saliva, hormones, and “life‐history” etiologies”. American Journal of Human Biology 18 (2006).
26. Altayyar IA., et al. “Determination of Aerobic Bacterial Composition of Dental Plaque Biofilms and Their Role in Oral health”. Emergent Life Sciences Research 1 (2015): 8-12.
27. Nóbrega LMM., et al. “Molecular Identification of Cultivable Bacteria From Infected Root Canals Associated With Acute Apical Abscess”. Brazilian Dental Journal3 (2016): 318-324.

Citation

Citation: Nazmi Ara Rumi., et al. “Molecular Characterization and Antibiogram Study of Bacteria Isolated from Dental Plaque Samples from Dental Carries Patients in Northern Bangladesh”. Acta Scientific Dental Sciences 7.1 (2023): 33-40.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Nazmi Ara Rumi., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.